Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the use of small particles, such as micro particles or nanoparticles, to produce a therapeutic scar such as “trans-mural” scarring or other desired “deep tissue” scarring. In one preferred embodiment, these particles can be delivered to a target location by an implant. More specifically, these particles can be incorporated into the structure of implants or into the coatings on implants. In another preferred embodiment, these small particles can be delivered directly with a catheter by electrophoresis or hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the use of small particles, such as micro particles or nanoparticles, to produce a therapeutic scar such as “trans-mural” scarring or other desired “deep tissue” scarring. In one preferred embodiment, these particles can be delivered to a target location by an implant. More specifically, these particles can be incorporated into the structure of implants or into the coatings on implants. In another preferred embodiment, these small particles can be delivered directly with a catheter by electrophoresis or hydraulic pressure.

Abstract: Tools for accessing tissue are described for use with a locatable guide of a navigation system. In preferred embodiments, said tools are attachable to a distal tip of a locatable guide, such that the location of the tool, preferably in six degrees of freedom, is known while the tool is being used.

Abstract: Tools for accessing tissue are described for use with a locatable guide of a navigation system. In preferred embodiments, said tools are attachable to a distal tip of a locatable guide, such that the location of the tool, preferably in six degrees of freedom, is known while the tool is being used.