Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes during arthroscopic procedures. The solution preferably includes a vasoconstrictor that demonstrates substantial agonist activity at alpha adrenergic receptors and that is selected for peripheral (local) vasoconstriction and one or more additional pain and inflammation inhibitory agents at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for peripheral vasoconstriction and inhibition of pain and/or inflammation while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with systemic application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method of producing analgesia in a mammal is provided by rotational (alternating) intrathecal administration to the mammal of a pharmaceutically effective dose of at least one opioid receptor agonist, such as a &mgr;-, &dgr;- or &kgr;-opioid receptor agonist for a first period of time, followed by intrathecal administration to the mammal of a pharmaceutically effective dose of at least one opioid receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL-1) agonist for a second period of time. The intrathecal drug administration of the first and second periods of time may be repeated a plurality of times without attaining tolerance in the mammal to either drug. Implantable apparatus for rotational administration of the active agents is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing analgesia in a mammal is provided by rotational (alternating) intrathecal administration to the mammal of a pharmaceutically effective dose of at least one opioid receptor agonist, such as a &mgr;-,&dgr;-, or &kgr;-opioid receptor agonist for a first period of time, followed by intrathecal administration to the mammal of a pharmaceutically effective dose of at least one opioid receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL-1) agonist for a second period of time. The intrathecal drug administration of the first and second periods of time may be repeated a plurality of times without attaining tolerance in the mammal to either drug. Implantable apparatus for rotational administration of the active agents is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing analgesia in a mammal is provided by intrathecal administration to the mammal of a pharmaceutically effective dose of the opioid receptor-like receptor 1 (ORL-1) agonist (1S,3aS)8-(2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-IH-phenalen-1-yl)-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triaza-spiro[4,5]decan-4-one. Administration may be carried out through use of an implantable apparatus.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of inhibiting tumor cell adhesion, pain, and inflammation at a wound during a surgical procedure by delivering an irrigation solution containing a tumor cell anti-adhesion agent and a plurality of additional agents to an operative site during the surgical procedure. In addition, methods of inhibiting tumor cell attachment and implantation during a surgical procedure as well as inhibiting tumor metastasis during a surgical procedure are also provided.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes at least one pharmacological agent selected from the group consisting of a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, an &agr;2-receptor agonist, a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, a soluble receptor and mixtures thereof, and optionally additional multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents. One preferred solution to inhibit pain and inflammation includes a serotonin.sub.2 antagonist, a serotonin.sub.3 antagonist, a histamine antagonist, a serotonin agonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a neurokinin.sub.1 antagonist, a neurokinin.sub.2 antagonist, a purinoceptor antagonist, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, a calcium channel antagonist, a bradykinin.sub.1 antagonist, a bradykinin.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes resulting from arthroscopic surgery at a joint. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is introduced luminally to continuously irrigate an operative site during an arthroscopic procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and inflammation while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents. One preferred solution to inhibit pain and inflammation includes a serotonin.sub.2 antagonist, a serotonin.sub.3 antagonist, a histamine antagonist, a serotonin agonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a neurokinin.sub.1 antagonist, a neurokinin.sub.2 antagonist, a purinoceptor antagonist, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, a calcium channel antagonist, a bradykinin.sub.1 antagonist, a bradykinin.sub.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain, inflammation and smooth muscle spasm processes resulting from urologic procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents and spasm inhibitory agents at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is introduced luminally to continuously irrigate a urologic structure during a urologic procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and inflammation and smooth muscle spasm while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents. One preferred solution to inhibit pain, inflammation, and spasm includes a serotonin.sub.2 antagonist, a histamine.sub.1 antagonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a neurokinin.sub.2 antagonist, a purine.sub.2X antagonist, an ATP-sensitive K.sup.+ channel antagonist, a Ca.sup.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents. One preferred solution to inhibit pain and inflammation includes a serotonin.sub.2 antagonist, a serotonin.sub.3 antagonist, a histamine antagonist, a serotonin agonist, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a neurokinin.sub.1 antagonist, a neurokinin.sub.2 antagonist, a purinoceptor antagonist, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, a calcium channel antagonist, a bradykinin.sub.1 antagonist, a bradykinin.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain, inflammation, spasm and restenosis processes resulting from cardiovascular or general vascular therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents and spasm inhibitory agents at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. Specific preferred embodiments of the solution of the present invention for use in cardiovascular and general vascular procedures also include anti-restenosis agents. The solution is introduced luminally to continuously irrigate an arterial site during an operative/interventional or diagnostic procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and inflammation, vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle spasm, and restenosis while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.