Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of primary mercaptans by reacting hydrogen sulfide with an alpha-olefin in the presence of a reaction initiating amount of a borane represented by the formula R.sub.2 BH or R.sub.3 B where R is a linear or cyclic aliphatic or aryl group.

Abstract: A process for separating emulsions of alkanesulfonyl chloride in aqueous hydrochloric acid comprises passing the emulsion through a carbon bed, a graphite bed, a layer of alkanesulfonyl chloride or a combination thereof; and allowing the emulsion to enter a settling vessel.

Abstract: Methods for removing iron oxide and other accumulated corrosion products from metal surfaces in contact with aqueous systems, such as cooling water systems, are disclosed. The method steps can be performed without requirement of system shutdown and without requirement of acidic conditions. The methods comprise contacting the corroded surface with an organic reductant/chelant and an inorganic reducing agent while the pH of the aqueous system is maintained within the substantially neutral range of about 6.5-7.5. Pyrogallol and methyl gallate may be used as the organic reductant/chelant.

Abstract: A method of controlling deposition and fouling in an aqueous mediums, such as in cooling water systems, wherein aluminum species are present in the system water. Normally, such aluminum species presence is caused by clarifier upsets and the like which in turn cause Al.sup.+3 contamination of the cooling system makeup water. The method comprises addition of certain water soluble acrylic acid type/allyl hydroxyl propyl sulfonate ether copolymers to the system.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for the conversion of an aryl halide into an aryl cyanide, which comprises the steps of:(a) providing a first electrode and a second electrode of opposite polarity from said first electrode in an electrolyte, said electrolyte comprising an aryl halide and a zerovalent Group VIII metal catalyst complex dissolved in a conductive solvent, wherein said Group VIII metal catalyst complex is capable of catalyzing the conversion of said aryl halide to an aryl cyanide in the presence of cyanide ions and susceptible to reaction with cyanide ions to yield a catalytically inactive Group VIII metal species,(b) providing cyanide ions in said electrolyte to convert said aryl halide to said aryl cyanide,(c) providing a flow of current between said electrodes, and(d) selectively controlling the electrical potential between said first and second electrode to convert said catalytically inactive Group VIII metal species to said zero valent Group VIII metal catalyst complex.