Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for diagnosing diseases and monitoring their progression and therapeutic responses by detecting a presence or absence, or an increase or decrease, of one or more substances in a sample. The methods may involve microflow liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) to rapidly quantitate biomarkers in a sample and identify the likelihood of the sample being positive for a disease or condition.

Abstract: A discharge unit is connected to a power pad, a ground pad, and an I/O pad, and can discharge an electrostatic charge when an electrostatic pulse appears on any of the power pad, the ground pad, and the I/O pad. The discharge unit includes a first discharge unit and a second discharge unit, the first discharge unit is connected to the second discharge unit, the power pad, and the I/O pad, and the second discharge unit is connected to the ground pad and the I/O pad. The first discharge unit and/or the second discharge unit can discharge electrostatic charges on different pads, respectively.

Abstract: A discharge unit is connected to a power pad, a ground pad, and an I/O pad, and can discharge an electrostatic charge when an electrostatic pulse appears on any of the power pad, the ground pad, and the I/O pad. The discharge unit includes a first discharge unit and a second discharge unit, the first discharge unit is connected to the second discharge unit, the power pad, and the I/O pad, and the second discharge unit is connected to the ground pad and the I/O pad. The first discharge unit and/or the second discharge unit can discharge electrostatic charges on different pads, respectively.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a diode-triggered bidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and circuit. The silicon controlled rectifier includes: a P-type substrate; a first P well formed in the P-type substrate, a first P-type doped region and a first N-type doped region being formed in the first P well; a second P well formed in the P-type substrate, a third N-type doped region and a fourth P-type doped region being formed in the second P well; and an N well formed in the P-type substrate, a second P-type doped region, a second N-type doped region and a third P-type doped region being formed in the N well. The second N-type doped region is electrically connected with a positive electrode of a diode string, and the first P-type doped region and the fourth P-type doped region are electrically connected with a negative electrode of the diode string.

Abstract: The present disclosure provided methods and systems for diagnosing diseases and monitoring their progression and therapeutic responses by detecting a presence or absence, or an increase or decrease, of one or more substances in a sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for separating one or more target analytes from a fluid sample. The systems may comprise a microfluidic device. The microfluidic device may comprise a fluidic channel having an array of obstacles disposed therein. The array of obstacles may be oriented at an angle greater than 0° relative to a direction of a fluid flow in the fluidic channel. The array of obstacles may be configured to separate the target analytes from the fluid upon flow of the fluid through the fluidic channel. The methods of the present disclosure may comprise separating target analytes from a fluid using a microfluidic device comprising obstacles disposed in a fluidic channel of the device. The target analytes may be separated with a high efficiency, sensitivity and/or specificity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for detecting a presence or absence of one or more analytes in small volumes of samples. The detected presence or absence of the one or more analytes can be used for a variety of applications including biomonitoring.

Abstract: The present disclosure provided methods and systems for diagnosing diseases and monitoring their progression and therapeutic responses by detecting a presence or absence, or an increase or decrease, of one or more substances in a sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure provided methods and systems for diagnosing diseases and monitoring their progression and therapeutic responses by detecting a presence or absence, or an increase or decrease, of one or more substances in a sample.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus provide integration of microscopic imaging and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry on a microfluidic device. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a first wafer, a second wafer, and an emitter. The emitter is disposed between the first wafer and the second wafer. The first wafer defines a sample input hole. The first wafer and the second wafer define a first channel, the first channel including a first end and a second end. The first end of the first channel is proximate the sample input hole. The first channel is configured to contain separation media. The second end of the first channel is proximate the emitter.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems for detecting a presence or absence of one or more analytes in small volumes of samples. The detected presence or absence of the one or more analytes can be used for a variety of applications including biomonitoring.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a structure comprising a plurality of emitters, wherein a first nozzle of a first emitter and a second nozzle of a second emitter emit in two directions that are not or essentially not in the same direction; wherein the walls of the nozzles and the emitters form a monolithic whole. The present invention also provides for a structure comprising an emitter with a sharpened end from which the emitter emits; wherein the emitters forms a monolithic whole. The present invention also provides for a fully integrated separation of proteins and small molecules on a silicon chip before the electrospray mass spectrometry analysis.

Abstract: The present disclosure provided methods and systems for diagnosing diseases and monitoring their progression and therapeutic responses by detecting a presence or absence, or an increase or decrease, of one or more substances in a sample.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for integration of microscopic imaging and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry on a microfluidic device. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a first wafer, a second wafer, and an emitter. The emitter is disposed between the first wafer and the second wafer. The first wafer defines a sample input hole. The first wafer and the second wafer define a first channel, the first channel including a first end and a second end. The first end of the first channel is proximate the sample input hole. The first channel is configured to contain separation media. The second end of the first channel is proximate the emitter.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a structure comprising a plurality of emitters, wherein a first nozzle of a first emitter and a second nozzle of a second emitter emit in two directions that are not or essentially not in the same direction; wherein the walls of the nozzles and the emitters form a monolithic whole. The present invention also provides for a structure comprising an emitter with a sharpened end from which the emitter emits; wherein the emitters forms a monolithic whole. The present invention also provides for a fully integrated separation of proteins and small molecules on a silicon chip before the electrospray mass spectrometry analysis.