Abstract: An optical radar device, a light source structure and the assembly process thereof are provided. The light source structure includes a light source module, a circuit board, a cover and a beam adjusting module. The light source module includes a substrate that includes a bearing surface, and a light source element that is disposed on the bearing surface and includes light emitting units. Each light emitting unit includes a light emitting portion. The light source module is disposed on the circuit board. The cover, disposed on the circuit board to cover the light source module, is a continuous piece and includes a light permeable portion that is disposed to face the light permeable portion. The beam adjusting module is disposed close to the light permeable portion. Light emitted from the light emitting portion passes through the light permeable portion and the beam adjusting module to form a working light beam.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs are presented for the management of lane-departure (LD) events. One method includes training a classifier for LD events and loading the classifier into a vehicle. LD events are detected based on outward images using the classifier, while the turn signal is monitored to prevent false triggers. If an LD event is detected, rules are checked for alerting the driver and deciding whether to alert the driver or not. Subsequently, additional rules are checked for reporting the event and deciding whether to report the event to a Behavior Monitoring System (BMS) or to discard it. The method also includes a solid line departure model that identifies crossing dashed, solid-white, and solid-yellow lanes, delaying alerts and event generation until a significant portion of the vehicle crosses over the lane. The model also outputs a confidence score reflecting the amount of vehicle deviation from the driving lane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for enhancing nitrogen assimilation in plants. The composition includes auxin, salicylic acid, and melatonin. The invention also relates to a method for enhancing nitrogen assimilation in plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for promoting the growth of legumes. The composition includes auxin, choline chloride and ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The invention also relates to a method for promoting the growth of legumes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for enhancing plant growth. The composition includes auxin, cytokinin, choline chloride, and ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The invention also relates to a method for enhancing plant growth.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for increasing productivity in plants. The composition includes cytokinin, gamma aminobutyric (GABA), and choline chloride. The invention also relates to a method for increasing productivity in plants.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for multi-mode power amplifiers are provided herein. In certain configurations, a wireless device includes a multi-mode power amplifier including a plurality of amplification paths electrically connected in parallel with one another. The plurality of amplification paths includes a first amplification path including an input stage of a first stage type and an output stage of a second stage type, and a second amplification path including an output stage of the second stage type. The first stage type provides non-inverting gain and the second stage type provides inverting gain. The wireless device further includes a transceiver that provides a radio frequency signal to the multi-mode power amplifier, and that operates the multi-mode power amplifier in a selected power mode chosen from a plurality of power modes based on selectively activating one or more of the plurality of amplification paths.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for multi-mode power amplifiers are provided herein. In certain configurations, a wireless device includes a multi-mode power amplifier including a plurality of amplification paths electrically connected in parallel with one another. The plurality of amplification paths includes a first amplification path including an input stage of a first stage type and an output stage of a second stage type, and a second amplification path including an output stage of the second stage type. The first stage type provides non-inverting gain and the second stage type provides inverting gain. The wireless device further includes a transceiver that provides a radio frequency signal to the multi-mode power amplifier, and that operates the multi-mode power amplifier in a selected power mode chosen from a plurality of power modes based on selectively activating one or more of the plurality of amplification paths.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure relate to efficient power amplifiers, such as class-F power amplifiers. A power amplifier transistor can provide an amplified RF signal. A termination can be coupled to an output of the power amplifier transistor and configured to provide a short circuit at a second harmonic. In some instances, the termination circuit can provide an open circuit at a third harmonic. A resonant circuit can be coupled to the output terminal of the power amplifier transistor and configured to provide an open circuit at the third harmonic. In certain embodiments, an input termination circuit coupled to an input terminal of the power amplifier transistor can provide a short circuit at the second harmonic. The power amplifiers of this disclosure can be implemented, for example, in envelope tracking applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a film. 50 wt % to 85 wt % of a first polyester and 50 wt % to 15 wt % of a second polyester are dried and mixed to form a mixture. The first polyester is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or combinations thereof. The second polyester is copolymerized of 1 part by mole of terephthalic acid, m parts by mole of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (1,4-CHDM), n parts by mole of 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol (1,3-CHDM), and o parts by mole of ethylene glycol (EG). m+n+o=1, 0?o?0.4, 0.6?m+n?1, and 0.06?n/m?1.31. The mixture is melted and blended to form a polyester composition, which is extruded to form a sheet. The sheet is then biaxially stretched to obtain a film. The biaxially stretched film is then treated with a thermal setting.

Abstract: Feedback circuit for power amplifier. In some embodiments, a radio-frequency amplifier can include a bipolar junction transistor configured to amplify a signal, and having an input and an output. The radio-frequency amplifier can further include a feedback circuit implemented between the output and input of the bipolar junction transistor. The feedback circuit can include a parallel assembly of a field-effect transistor and a resistive element such that the resistive element is bypassed when the field-effect transistor is ON and an overall resistance of the feedback circuit includes the resistive element when the field-effect transistor is OFF. Such a feedback circuit can be configured to be capable of providing a plurality of resistance values between the output and input of the bipolar junction transistor to facilitate different gains of the bipolar junction transistor.

Abstract: Circuits and methods for biasing power amplifiers. In some embodiments, a power amplifier circuit can include a transistor having and input and an output, and configured to amplify a signal. The power amplifier circuit can further include a bias circuit configured to provide a bias signal to the input of the transistor. The power amplifier circuit can further include a switchable feed circuit implemented between the bias circuit and the input of the transistor, and configured to provide a plurality of different resistance values for the bias signal between the bias circuit and the input of the transistor.

Abstract: A copolymer is provided, which includes a chemical structure of: R is C1-6 alkylene group. T is a terminal group including C1-6 alkyl group, C3-6 cycloalkyl group, or C6-12 aromatic group. l is 0.05 to 0.3, m is 0.1 to 0.2, n is 0.5 to 0.8, l+m+n=1, x is 40 to 100, and o is 10 to 120. An epoxy resin composite is also provided, which includes 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin and 1 to 20 parts by weight of toughness enhancer such as the above copolymer.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for multi-mode power amplifiers are provided herein. In certain configurations, a wireless device includes a multi-mode power amplifier including a plurality of amplification paths electrically connected in parallel with one another. The plurality of amplification paths includes a first amplification path including an input stage of a first stage type and an output stage of a second stage type, and a second amplification path including an output stage of the second stage type. The first stage type provides non-inverting gain and the second stage type provides inverting gain. The wireless device further includes a transceiver that provides a radio frequency signal to the multi-mode power amplifier, and that operates the multi-mode power amplifier in a selected power mode chosen from a plurality of power modes based on selectively activating one or more of the plurality of amplification paths.

Abstract: Switchable base feed circuit for radio-frequency (RF) power amplifiers. In some embodiments, an RF power amplifier (PA) circuit can include a transistor having a base, a collector, and an emitter, with the transistor being configured to amplify an RF signal. The PA circuit can further include a bias circuit configured to provide a base bias signal to the base of the transistor. The PA circuit can further include a switchable base feed circuit implemented between the bias circuit and the base of the transistor. The switchable base feed circuit can be configured to provide a plurality of different resistance values for the base bias signal between the bias circuit and the base of the transistor. Such a PA circuit can be implemented in products such as a die, a module, and a wireless device.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for multi-mode power amplifiers are provided herein. In certain configurations, a wireless device includes a multi-mode power amplifier including a plurality of amplification paths electrically connected in parallel with one another. The plurality of amplification paths includes a first amplification path including an input stage of a first stage type and an output stage of a second stage type, and a second amplification path including an output stage of the second stage type. The first stage type provides non-inverting gain and the second stage type provides inverting gain. The wireless device further includes a transceiver that provides a radio frequency signal to the multi-mode power amplifier, and that operates the multi-mode power amplifier in a selected power mode chosen from a plurality of power modes based on selectively activating one or more of the plurality of amplification paths.

Abstract: Feedback circuit for power amplifier. In some embodiments, a radio-frequency amplifier can include a bipolar junction transistor configured to amplify a signal, and having an input and an output. The radio-frequency amplifier can further include a feedback circuit implemented between the output and input of the bipolar junction transistor. The feedback circuit can include a parallel assembly of a field-effect transistor and a resistive element such that the resistive element is bypassed when the field-effect transistor is ON and an overall resistance of the feedback circuit includes the resistive element when the field-effect transistor is OFF. Such a feedback circuit can be configured to be capable of providing a plurality of resistance values between the output and input of the bipolar junction transistor to facilitate different gains of the bipolar junction transistor.

Abstract: A complex fuel cell stack with hydrogen storage unit is introduced. Through the new configuration of the PEM fuel cell stack, no cooling system and cooling fluid is needed for the fuel cell stack, since hydrogen storage vessel can act as a heat sink to protect the expensive catalyst layer of the MEA of the fuel cell away from over-heated and damaged. In addition, the waste heat generated from the operation of the fuel cells can aid in release of hydrogen from hydrogen storage alloys inside the hydrogen storage vessel.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure relate to a mode linearization switch circuit that can adjust an effective impedance provided to an output of an amplifier. In an embodiment, an apparatus includes an amplifier configured to amplify a radio frequency (RF) signal and a mode linearization switch circuit electrically coupled to an output of the amplifier. The mode linearization switch circuit can include a capacitor, a switch in series with the capacitor, and a series LC circuit in parallel with the switch.

Abstract: A copolymer is provided, which includes a chemical structure of: R is C1-6 alkylene group. T is a terminal group including C1-6 alkyl group, C3-6 cycloalkyl group, or C6-12 aromatic group. l is 0.05 to 0.3, m is 0.1 to 0.2, n is 0.5 to 0.8, l+m+n=1, x is 40 to 100, and o is 10 to 120. An epoxy resin composite is also provided, which includes 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin and 1 to 20 parts by weight of toughness enhancer such as the above copolymer.