Abstract: Various embodiments include methods for controlling memory utilization to accommodate changes in memory accessibility due to memory refreshes include controlling bandwidth of at least one processor based on a refresh rate of a memory. Some embodiments may include receiving the refresh rate of the memory at a memory controller, and determining whether the refresh rate of the memory violates a high or low memory refresh rate threshold, sending an instruction configured to reduce or restore the bandwidth of the at least one processor in response to the determination. In some embodiments the methods may be performed by a quality of service manager, which may be part of a memory controller.

Abstract: A chopping apparatus for chopping a food item has a lower body portion and an upper body portion hinged together such that a hinge axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal directions of the body portions. Blades are supported on the upper body portion opposite a supporting surface on the lower body portion so as to be arranged to chop a food item supported on the supporting surface when the body portions are closed towards one another. The blades include lateral blades that are oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the body portions and generally parallel to the hinge axis.