Abstract: Methods are directed to the use of a supercritical fluid for finishing a target material with a finishing material. One or more variables selected from temperature, pressure, flow rate, and time are manipulated to increase efficiencies in the finishing process. As temperature or pressure are decreased causing a change in the density of a supercritical fluid carbon dioxide, which in turn causes a precipitation of dissolved material finish with the carbon dioxide, other variables are maintained above threshold values to increase the uptake of the material finish by the target material. This improvement reduces time by limiting cleaning processes of the system, saves materials used in the cleaning process, and saves energy used to achieve cycles of the process, in aspects.

Abstract: Methods are directed to the use of a supercritical fluid for finishing a target material with a finishing material. One or more variables selected from temperature, pressure, flow rate, and time are manipulated to increase efficiencies in the finishing process. As temperature or pressure are decreased causing a change in the density of a supercritical fluid carbon dioxide, which in turn causes a precipitation of dissolved material finish with the carbon dioxide, other variables are maintained above threshold values to increase the uptake of the material finish by the target material. This improvement reduces time by limiting cleaning processes of the system, saves materials used in the cleaning process, and saves energy used to achieve cycles of the process, in aspects.

Abstract: Supercritical fluid (“SCF”) is used to scour a target material to leave scour elements, such as oligomers and oils from the target material. Carbon dioxide (“CO2”) is introduced into a pressure vessel also containing the target material to be scoured. The CO2 is raised in temperature and pressure to a SCF state. The CO2 is recirculated within the pressure vessel to scour the target material. An exchange of the CO2 is occurs allowing for the scoured elements to be removed from the CO2 and therefore from within the pressure vessel. Operation variables such as temperature, pressure, time, internal flow rate, and CO2 exchange are adjusted to achieve a scouring of the target material.

Abstract: Supercritical fluid (“SCF”) is used to scour a target material to leave scour elements, such as oligomers and oils from the target material. Carbon dioxide (“CO2”) is introduced into a pressure vessel also containing the target material to be scoured. The CO2 is raised in temperature and pressure to a SCF state. The CO2 is recirculated within the pressure vessel to scour the target material. An exchange of the CO2 is occurs allowing for the scoured elements to be removed from the CO2 and therefore from within the pressure vessel. Operation variables such as temperature, pressure, time, internal flow rate, and CO2 exchange are adjusted to achieve a scouring of the target material.

Abstract: Methods are directed to the use of a supercritical fluid for finishing a target material with a finishing material. One or more variables selected from temperature, pressure, flow rate, and time are manipulated to increase efficiencies in the finishing process. As temperature or pressure are decreased causing a change in the density of a supercritical fluid carbon dioxide, which in turn causes a precipitation of dissolved material finish with the carbon dioxide, other variables are maintained above threshold values to increase the uptake of the material finish by the target material. This improvement reduces time by limiting cleaning processes of the system, saves materials used in the cleaning process, and saves energy used to achieve cycles of the process, in aspects.

Abstract: Methods are directed to the use of a supercritical fluid for finishing a target material with a finishing material. One or more variables selected from temperature, pressure, flow rate, and time are manipulated to increase efficiencies in the finishing process. As temperature or pressure are decreased causing a change in the density of a supercritical fluid carbon dioxide, which in turn causes a precipitation of dissolved material finish with the carbon dioxide, other variables are maintained above threshold values to increase the uptake of the material finish by the target material. This improvement reduces time by limiting cleaning processes of the system, saves materials used in the cleaning process, and saves energy used to achieve cycles of the process, in aspects.

Abstract: Supercritical fluid (“SCF”) is used to scour a target material to leave scour elements, such as oligomers and oils from the target material. Carbon dioxide (“CO2”) is introduced into a pressure vessel also containing the target material to be scoured. The CO2 is raised in temperature and pressure to a SCF state. The CO2 is recirculated within the pressure vessel to scour the target material. An exchange of the CO2 is occurs allowing for the scoured elements to be removed from the CO2 and therefore from within the pressure vessel. Operation variables such as temperature, pressure, time, internal flow rate, and CO2 exchange are adjusted to achieve a scouring of the target material.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of 0.1 to 15 percent by weight of at least one phosphate ester and a copolymer formed by the coploymerization of a monomer mixture comprising:a) 0.1 to 15 percent by weight of at least one dicarboxylic acid,b) 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of at least one functional monomer is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or a methyl group, R.sub.4 is an alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is 0 or 1, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carboxyl, phenyl, aryl, alkyl or alkaryl groups containing 1 to 30 atoms, and Y is a nucleophilic group selected from --OH, --NH.sub.2 or ##STR2## or ##STR3## wherein R.sub.5 is a hydrogen, an alkyl containing 1-20 carbon atoms, or an aryl group, andc) more than 80% by weight of backbone monomers.