Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in an engine using a two-stroke homogeneous charge spark-ignition cycle. The method involving injecting fuel into partially compressed hot air to provide a homogenous charge to the cylinder before second stage compression in the cylinder, the engine having two variable compression ratios, a first variable compression ratio such that spark ignited HCCI-like combustion being emission free, and a second variable compression ratio for preventing pre-ignition at high loads. The expansion process of the engine having a chosen expansion ratio much greater than the compression ratio.

Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of air to a third volume, in two stages, the first stage in a crankcase compressor decreasing a first volume of air to a second volume and a second stage in the engine cylinder decreasing a second volume of a gas to a third volume, injection of fuel between the two stages into partially compressed hot air to provide homogenous charge to the cylinder to begin second stage compression in the cylinder having two variable compression ratios, a first variable compression ratio for low loads to reach a compression temperature slightly below the autoignition temperature of the homogeneous charge such that spark ignited HCCI-like combustion being emission free, a second much smaller variable compression ratio for preventing pre-ignition at high loads, then increasing the pressure at constant volume via combusting homogeneous charge in the cylinder, increasing the third volume of gas to a fourth volume (an expansion process having a chosen e

Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of a homogeneous lean fuel/air charge to a second volume, in two stages, while increasing the pressure and temperature of that charge (a compression process having a chosen compression ratio), then increasing the pressure at constant volume while adding heat until a predetermined temperature is obtained, increasing the third volume of gas to a fourth volume, in two stages while decreasing the pressure at the predetermined temperature (an expansion process having a chosen expansion ratio much greater than the compression ratio), decreasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure while removing heat under constant volume, and finally decreasing the volume of gas to the first volume while removing heat under constant pressure to complete an over expanded, cycle. Also disclosed is an engine employing said over expanded, two-stroke HCCI cycle.

Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of gas to a second volume, in two stages, while increasing the pressure and temperature of that volume of gas (a compression process having a chosen compression ratio), then increasing the second volume to a third volume at constant pressure while adding heat until a predetermined temperature is obtained, increasing the third volume of gas to a fourth volume, in two stages while decreasing the pressure at the predetermined temperature (an expansion process having a chosen expansion ratio much greater than the compression ratio), decreasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure while removing heat under constant volume, and finally decreasing the volume of gas to the first volume while removing heat under constant pressure to complete an over expanded, limited-temperature cycle. Also disclosed is an engine employing said over expanded, limited-temperature cycle.

Abstract: An engine having a piston-cam assembly powertrain consisting of a rocking yoke assembly that oscillates about its middle point to rotate a multiple-lobe cam. The mechanism is so constructed that cam followers at both ends of the oscillating yoke make contact with the surface of the multiple-lobe cam. When the rocking yoke is oscillated it causes rotation of the camshaft. Alternatively, the rotating cam can cause oscillation of the rocking yoke. The multiple-lobe cam is formed of two identical facing plates having sufficient width to provide an annular groove on the interior face of each plate. Such cam plates are spaced a sufficient width to accommodate the rocking yoke assembly between such cam plates with a pivoting bearing riding within such annular groove. Two connecting rods link the ends of the rocking yoke to two pistons within two parallel cylinders to form a piston-cam assembly powertrain.

Abstract: An engine having a piston-cam assembly powertrain consisting of a rocking yoke assembly that oscillates about its middle point to rotate a multiple-lobe cam. The mechanism is so constructed that cam followers at both ends of the oscillating yoke make contact with the surface of the multiple-lobe cam. When the rocking yoke is oscillated it causes rotation of the camshaft. Alternatively, the rotating cam can cause oscillation of the rocking yoke. The multiple-lobe cam is formed of two identical facing plates having sufficient width to provide an annular groove on the interior face of each plate. Such cam plates are spaced a sufficient width to accommodate the rocking yoke assembly between such cam plates with a pivoting bearing riding within such annular groove. Two connecting rods link the ends of the rocking yoke to two pistons within two parallel cylinders to form a piston-cam assembly powertrain.

Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in an engine involving decreasing a first volume of a gas to a second volume while increasing a pressure and a temperature thereof, then increasing the second volume to a third volume at a constant pressure while adding heat until a predetermined temperature is obtained, and finally increasing the third volume to a fourth volume while adding more heat and decreasing the pressure thereof at the predetermined temperature. Also disclosed is a compound engine including an limited temperature cycle engine which produces exhaust that drives a Lenoir cycle apparatus.

Abstract: A cylinder body has a bore and an annular recess formed therein. One end of the recess is in communication with the bore and the opposite end of the recess is permanently closed. An inlet and an outlet are in communication with the bore. A piston reciprocates within the bore and has an annular skirt which fits within the annular recess. The skirt compresses air when the skirt moves toward the closed end of the recess to form an annular seal of compressed air between the skirt and the closed end of the recess.

Abstract: A universal contraceptive and prophylactic device, and method of using the device, having a condom support device of annular configuration and including an inwardly opening groove formed on the periphery thereof, a securing device that secures the support device in place on person's body, the condom includes an elongate tubular sheath formed of thin, flexible fluid impermeable material, the condom has a closed end an open end and is sized to fit loosely about an erect male organ.

Abstract: The temperature of a small amount of pilot fuel is greatly increased prior to injection into a combustion chamber. In all forms, the injection nozzle has a heating space for heating pilot fuel and which is in communication with both a main fuel orifice and a pilot fuel orifice. The pilot fuel orifice is always open, while the main fuel orifice is periodically closed by a needle valve. In a modified form, the nozzle includes an extension which extends into the combustion chamber and has the heating space therein. The main fuel orifice and pilot fuel orifice are formed in the extension. When the needle valve is in closed position, it closes the main fuel orifice and also prevents communication between the heating space and the associated fuel injection pump.

Abstract: A cylinder block includes a cylinder with a piston therein and a main crankcase. A combustion space is disposed above the piston and a compression space is disposed below the piston. An exterior passage including a reservoir transfers compressed air from the compression space to the combustion space. A first valve permits one-way flow of ambient air into the compression space, and a second valve permits one-way flow from the compression space into the passage so that the compression process is independent of the combustion process. In one embodiment, the exterior passage includes a first passage for air and a second passage for fuel-air mixture for selective communication with the combustion chamber. In another embodiment, an inner crankcase is disposed within and spaced from the main crankcase and incorporates the first and second valves.

Abstract: A primary low viscosity fuel and a secondary high viscosity fuel are fed to an injection pump including a plunger which reciprocates and rotates within a bore in a pump housing. The upper end of the plunger defines with the upper end of the bore a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected through a check valve with a fuel injector for injecting mixed fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine. The plunger has a helical groove thereon which is in communication with the mixing chamber. Primary fuel is fed directly into the mixing chamber. The secondary fuel is fed into an annular groove which is in communication with the mixing chamber through a passage formed in the plunger. The high viscosity secondary fuel in the annular groove forms a seal between the plunger and the wall of the bore to prevent the low viscosity primary fuel from leaking past the seal.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved tandem marine propeller having sets of radially extending blades which are connected at their roots to a hub in tandem arrangement for minimizing drag adjacent the hub and having the blades configured by skewing one set forward and the other set backward and raking the blades of the two sets toward each other so that outer portions of the blades are equispaced radially about the hub and lie substantially in a common plane of rotation whereby loading on the blades of both sets is substantially equalized for increased efficiency.

Abstract: A primary low viscosity fuel and a secondary high viscosity fuel are fed to an injection pump including a plunger which reciprocates and rotates within a bore in a pump housing. The upper end of the plunger defines with the upper end of the bore a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected through a check valve with a fuel injector for injecting mixed fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine. The plunger has a helical groove thereon which is in communication with the mixing chamber. Primary fuel is fed directly into the mixing chamber. The secondary fuel is fed into an annular groove which is in communication with the mixing chamber through a passage formed in the plunger. The high viscosity secondary fuel in the annular groove forms a seal between the plunger and the wall of the bore to prevent the low viscosity primary fuel from leaking past the seal.