Abstract: An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.

Abstract: A lighting system comprises a chromatic reflective unit (606), and a light source (602), wherein the chromatic reflective unit (606) is shaped as a rotational paraboloid or a portion of a rotational paraboloid, and the light source (602) is positioned close to or at the paraboloid focal position.

Abstract: A lighting system for illuminating an environment with a lighting that simulates natural lighting, which includes: a first light source which emits a beam of visible light; a diffused-light generator delimited by an inner surface, which receives the light beam, and an outer surface, the diffused-light generator being at least partially transparent to the light beam. The diffused-light generator transmits at least part of the light beam and emits, through the outer surface, visible diffused light, the correlated color temperature of the transmitted light being lower than the CCT of the visible diffused light. The lighting system includes a dark structure which is optically coupled to the environment via the diffused-light generator and provides a substantially uniform background to the first light source.

Abstract: A polymer matrix/nanoparticle composite (PMNC) comprises core-shell nanoparticles, where the core is made of a material that is different from the polymer matrix and at least part of the shell is made of the same monomer or polymer that is used for said polymer matrix, or is made of a monomer or polymer compatible with said matrix. The core of the nanoparticles has a refractive index that is different from the refractive index of the polymer used for the matrix, at least the matrix is made of transparent materials that do not absorb light.

Abstract: An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.

Abstract: An illumination device for synthesizing light from an object at virtually infinite distance comprises a primary light source configured to emit a primary light, a concentrator positioned downstream the primary light source and configured to reduce the divergence of the primary light, an emitting surface positioned downstream the concentrator, and an absorber made of light-absorbing material positioned upstream the emitting surface and configured to absorb light rays which cross the emitting surface in an upstream direction and which, in the absence of the absorber would not be directed toward the primary light source, wherein the primary light source, the concentrator, the emitting surface and the absorber are configured so that they produces from the primary light an output light that exits the emitting surface with a luminance profile which is spatially uniform across the emitting surface, and has a narrow peak in the polar-angle distribution around an output-light direction.

Abstract: An artificial illumination device for generating natural light similar to that from the sun and the sky comprises a direct-light source comprising a first emitting surface and configured to produce, from primary light, direct light exiting the first emitting surface into a direct-light direction at low divergence, the direct-light source comprising a plurality of pairs of a first light-emitting device positioned upstream the first emitting surface and configured to emit the primary light and a collimator configured to collimate the primary light emitted by the first light-emitting device along the direct-light direction; and a diffused-light generator configured to cause diffused light at a second emitting surface.

Abstract: An artificial illumination device for generating natural light similar to that from the sun and the sky includes a direct-light source; and a diffused-light generator, wherein the direct-light source includes a first light-emitting device configured to emit a primary light, and a first emitting surface positioned downstream the first light-emitting device, wherein the diffused-light generator is at least partially light-transparent and is positioned downstream of the first light-emitting device and includes a second emitting surface and is configured to cause diffused light at the second emitting surface. Both co-operate to form outer light at an outer emitting surface which includes a first light component which propagates along directions contained within the narrow peak and a second light component which propagates along directions spaced apart from the narrow peak, and wherein the first light component has a CCT which is lower than a CCT of the second light component.

Abstract: A method and system for laser pre-cutting a layered material (31) with a laser beam (14) is disclosed. The layered material (31) comprises at least one tensile stress layer (TSL), at least one compression stress layer (CSL1, CSL2), and at least one interface region (IR1, IR2) between the at least one tensile stress layer (TSL) and the at least one compression stress layer (CSL1, CSL2) and is transparent to allow propagation of the laser beam (14) through the layered material (31).

Abstract: An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.

Abstract: An embodiment of a lighting system for illuminating an environment with a lighting that simulates natural lighting includes: a first light source which emits a beam of visible light; a diffused-light generator delimited by an inner surface, which receives the light beam, and an outer surface, the diffused-light generator being at least partially transparent to the light beam. The diffused-light generator transmits at least part of the light beam and emits, through the outer surface, visible diffused light, the correlated color temperature of the transmitted light being lower than the CCT of the visible diffused light. The lighting system includes a dark box which hosts the first light source, the dark box being optically coupled to the environment via the diffused-light generator.

Abstract: An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.

Abstract: An embodiment of a solid optical sky-sun diffuser, which comprises a transparent solid matrix embedding a dispersion of transparent nanoparticles having an average size d in the range 10 nm?d?240 nm; wherein: the ratio between the blue and red scattering optical densities ??Log [T(450 nm)]/Log [T(630 nm)] of said diffuser falls in the range 5???2.5, where T(?) is the Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance; in at least one propagation direction, said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.4; in at least one propagation direction said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.9, said propagation direction being the same or different from that at which said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 mm)?0.4.

Abstract: An embodiment of a solid optical sky-sun diffuser, which comprises a transparent solid matrix embedding a dispersion of transparent nanoparticles having an average size d in the range 10 nm?d?240 nm; wherein: the ratio between the blue and red scattering optical densities ??Log [T(450 nm)]/Log [T(630 nm)] of said diffuser falls in the range 5???2.5, where T(?) is the Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance; in at least one propagation direction, said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.4; in at least one propagation direction said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.9, said propagation direction being the same or different from that at which said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.4.

Abstract: An embodiment of a solid optical sky-sun diffuser, which comprises a transparent solid matrix embedding a dispersion of transparent nanoparticles having an average size d in the range 10 nm?d?240 nm; wherein: the ratio between the blue and red scattering optical densities ??Log [T(450 nm)]/Log [T(630 nm)] of said diffuser falls in the range 5???2.5, where T(?) is the Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance; in at least one propagation direction, said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.4; in at least one propagation direction said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 nm)?0.9, said propagation direction being the same or different from that at which said Monochromatic Normalized Collinear Transmittance is T(450 mm)?0.4.

Abstract: An embodiment of an illumination device comprising a broad band artificial light source and a non-liquid chromatic diffuser transparent to visible light comprising a dispersion of elements of nanometrical dimensions of a first material with of certain refractive index in a second material with different refractive index, wherein the light is scattered producing a separation and different distribution between cold and hot components of the light originally produced by the source, according to a scattering process in “Rayleigh” regime. The device allows illumination effects similar to those of natural outdoor environments to be reproduced in indoor environments.