Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for cracking a hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting a hydrocarbon feed stream with a cracking catalyst at cracking conditions to produce a reactor effluent and a spent catalyst. The spent catalyst is transferred to a regenerator, where it is regenerated by contact with an oxygen supply gas at regeneration conditions to produce a regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream around an insert in a lower section of a riser. The insert fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: The apparatus herein provide a catalyst cooler with a vent that communicates fluidizing gas to a lower chamber of a regenerator. Air that is used as fluidizing gas can then be consumed in the regenerator without promoting after burn in the upper chamber.

Abstract: Vortex separation technology quickly and efficiently separates vapor from catalyst from two or more risers, in a singular separation vessel, controlling residence time and improving product conversion. One riser enters concentrically through the reactor vessel, then through the center of the separation vessel, ending in horizontal swirl arms. The second and any additional risers run external to the reactor vessel. The external risers transition to a 90° elbow and tangentially enter the reactor vessel, and then the separation vessel.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst utilizes a ramp or bend provided on only one of the catalyst conduits to provide mixing advantages.

Abstract: A process and apparatus described is for distributing hydrocarbon feed to catalyst in a riser. Hydrocarbon feed is delivered to a plenum in the riser. Nozzles from the plenum inject feed into the riser to contact the catalyst. Streams of regenerated catalyst and carbonized catalyst may be passed to the riser and mixed around an insert in a lower section of a riser. The plenum may be located in the riser.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material are provided herein. The apparatus comprises a reheater for containing a fluidized bubbling bed comprising an oxygen-containing gas, inorganic heat carrier particles, and char and for burning the char into ash to form heated inorganic particles. An inorganic particle cooler is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive a first portion of the heated inorganic particles. The inorganic particle cooler is configured to receive a cooling medium for indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the heated inorganic particles to form first partially-cooled heated inorganic particles that are fluidly communicated to the reheater and combined with a second portion of the heated inorganic particles to form second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles. A reactor is in fluid communication with the reheater to receive the second partially-cooled heated inorganic particles.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for fluid catalytic cracking. The process can include sending a first catalyst from a first riser reactor and a second catalyst from a second riser reactor to a regeneration vessel having a first stage and a second stage. The first catalyst may be sent to the first stage and the second catalyst may be sent to the second stage of the regeneration vessel. Generally, the first stage is positioned above the second stage.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for regenerating catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking unit. Generally, the process includes providing a feed to a riser of a reaction vessel, and providing a stream to a distributor positioned within a void proximate to an inlet receiving unregenerated catalyst in a regenerator. The feed can include at least one of a gas oil, a vacuum gas oil, an atmospheric gas oil, a coker gas oil, a hydrotreated gas oil, a hydrocracker unconverted oil, and an atmospheric residue.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for fluid catalytic cracking. The process can include sending a first catalyst from a first riser reactor and a second catalyst from a second riser reactor to a regeneration vessel having a first stage and a second stage. The first catalyst may be sent to the first stage and the second catalyst may be sent to the second stage of the regeneration vessel. Generally, the first stage is positioned above the second stage.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for transferring catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus. The process can include passing the catalyst through a conveyor wherein the conveyor contains a screw for transporting the catalyst.

Abstract: A process and device for the flow of catalyst in a reactor is presented. The device includes a series of grids within a reactor vessel, where each grid includes small openings for the passage of gas and some catalyst particles, and larger openings for the more continuous passage of catalyst.

Abstract: A process and device for the flow of catalyst in a reactor is presented. The device includes a series of grids within a reactor vessel, where each grid includes small openings for the passage of gas and some catalyst particles, and larger openings for the more continuous passage of catalyst.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream into and out of a chamber in a lower section of a riser. The chamber fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst distributor and process for mixing spent catalyst and recycled regenerated catalyst in a regenerator vessel. Mixing is conducted in a confined space to which catalyst is delivered from catalyst conduits protruding through the wall of the regenerator.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream around an insert in a lower section of a riser. The insert fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for stripping. The process can include passing catalyst to a stripping vessel containing a riser, providing a plurality of baffles having a first baffle and a second baffle, and providing one or more packing layers. The stripping vessel and riser may define an annular zone including annular area for stripping of the catalyst, and the first and second baffles collectively overlap in no more than about 50% of the annular area. Often, the first baffle is coupled to an outer circumference of the riser and extends outward, and the second baffle is coupled to an inner circumference of the stripping vessel and extends inward. Typically, the one or more packing layers are within the annular zone.

Abstract: Embodiments of a hydrocarbon conversion apparatus are provided, as are embodiments of a hydroprocessing conversion process. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbon conversion apparatus includes a reaction vessel having a reaction chamber and a feed distribution chamber. A riser fluidly couples the feed distribution chamber to the reaction chamber, and a catalyst recirculation standpipe fluidly couples the reaction chamber to the feed distribution chamber. The catalyst recirculation standpipe forms a catalyst recirculation circuit with the reaction chamber, the feed distribution chamber, and the riser. A catalyst is circulated through the catalyst recirculation circuit during operation of the hydrocarbon conversion apparatus.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream into and out of a chamber in a lower section of a riser. The chamber fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream into and out of a chamber in a lower section of a riser. The chamber fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.