Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic composition which comprises microspheroidal alumina and an active component containing a mixture comprising Gallium and/or Gallium oxides, Tin and/or Tin oxides, a quantity ranging from 1 ppm to 500 ppm with respect to the total weight of the catalytic composition of platinum and/or platinum oxides, and oxides of alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated process for the production of fuel components starting from materials of a biological origin which comprises: (A) transformation of glycerine into an alkoxy-propanediol having formula RO—CH2—CHOH—CH2OH, wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl, (B) transformation of glycerine into 1,2-propanediol CH3—CHOH—CH2OH, (C) dehydration of the 1,2-propanediol obtained in (B) to propionic aldehyde, (D) reaction of part of the propionic aldehyde obtained in (C) with the alkoxy-propanediol having formula RO—CH2—CHOH—CH2OH obtained in (A) to give an acetal having formula (a) wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl, (E) transformation of part of the propionic aldehyde obtained in (C) to a propionate having formula CH3—CH2—COOR?, wherein R? is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl. Particular components for gasolines and/or diesel are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dehydrogenation process starting from reagents selected from single butenes, or mixtures thereof, or mixtures of butenes with butanes, to give 1-3 butadiene using catalytic composition of microspheroidal alumina and an active component containing a mixture comprising Gallium and/or Gallium oxides, Tin and/or Tin oxides, a quantity ranging from 1 ppm to 500 ppm with respect to the total weight of the catalytic composition of platinum and/or platinum oxides, and oxides of alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for revamping a conventional refinery of mineral oils into a biorefinery, characterized by a production scheme which allows the treatment of raw materials of a biological origin (vegetable oils, animal fats, exhausted cooking oils) for the production of biofuels, prevalently high-quality biodiesel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for revamping a conventional refinery of mineral oils into a biorefinery, characterized by a production scheme which allows the treatment of raw materials of a biological origin (vegetable oils, animal fats, exhausted cooking oils) for the production of biofuels, prevalently high-quality biodiesel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dehydrogenation process starting from reagents selected from single butenes, or mixtures thereof, or mixtures of butenes with butanes, to give 1-3 butadiene using catalytic composition of microspheroidal alumina and an active component containing a mixture comprising Gallium and/or Gallium oxides, Tin and/or Tin oxides, a quantity ranging from 1 ppm to 500 ppm with respect to the total weight of the catalytic composition of platinum and/or platinum oxides, and oxides of alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for revamping a conventional refinery of mineral oils into a biorefinery, characterized by a production scheme which allows the treatment of raw materials of a biological origin (vegetable oils, animal fats, exhausted cooking oils) for the production of biofuels, prevalently high-quality biodiesel.

Abstract: A catalytic system characterized in that it comprises: a first catalyst, having a hydrogenating function, consisting of solid particles of which at least 95% by volume having an equivalent diameter smaller than 20 ?m, containing one or more sulfides of metals of group VI and/or VIII B, possibly prepared starting from an oil-soluble precursor of the same; and a second catalyst, having a cracking function, consisting of solid particles of which at least 90% by volume having an equivalent diameter larger than 5 ?m and smaller than 5 mm, containing an amorphous silico-aluminate and/or a crystalline silico-aluminate and/or an alumina, the equivalent average diameter of the solid particles of the second catalyst being greater than the equivalent average diameter of the solid particles of the first catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated process for the production of fuel components starting from materials of a biological origin which comprises: (A) transformation of glycerine into an alkoxy-propanediol having formula RO—CH2—CHOH—CH2OH, wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl, (B) transformation of glycerine into 1,2-propanediol CH3—CHOH—CH2OH, (C) dehydration of the 1,2-propanediol obtained in (B) to propionic aldehyde, (D) reaction of part of the propionic aldehyde obtained in (C) with the alkoxy-propanediol having formula RO—CH2—CHOH—CH2OH obtained in (A) to give an acetal having formula (a) wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl, (E) transformation of part of the propionic aldehyde obtained in (C) to a propionate having formula CH3—CH2—COOR?, wherein R? is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl. Particular components for gasolines and/or diesel are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for revamping a conventional refinery of mineral oils into a biorefinery, characterized by a production scheme which allows the treatment of raw materials of a biological origin (vegetable oils, animal fats, exhausted cooking oils) for the production of biofuels, prevalently high-quality biodiesel.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from a stream containing hydrocarbons and carbonaceous residues comprising sending the stream for extraction by mixing the stream with a hydrophilizing agent to remove the hydrophobic components of the stream, sending the mixture of the stream and hydrophilizing agent for separation, separating a liquid phase containing most of the hydrophilizing agent and hydrocarbons dissolved from a solid phase, sending the separated solid phase for leaching with an alkaline solution in the presence of air and/or oxygen, sending the leached mixture for separation, and separating the solid residue from the liquor.

Abstract: The object of the present invention relates to a composition that can be used as fuel comprising: at least one hydrocarbon mixture at least one hydrophobic ketal or acetal of glycerine. Said composition can be advantageously used as fuel for diesel or gasoline engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic composition which comprises microspheroidal alumina and an active component containing a mixture comprising Gallium and/or Gallium oxides, Tin and/or Tin oxides, a quantity ranging from 1 ppm to 500 ppm with respect to the total weight of the catalytic composition of platinum and/or platinum oxides, and oxides of alkaline and/or alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: A catalytic system characterized in that it comprises: a first catalyst, having a hydrogenating function, consisting of solid particles of which at least 95% by volume having an equivalent diameter smaller than 20 ?m, containing one or more sulfides of metals of group VI and/or VIII B, possibly prepared starting from an oil-soluble precursor of the same; and a second catalyst, having a cracking function, consisting of solid particles of which at least 90% by volume having an equivalent diameter larger than 5 ?m and smaller than 5 mm, containing an amorphous silico-aluminate and/or a crystalline silico-aluminate and/or an alumina, the equivalent average diameter of the solid particles of the second catalyst being greater than the equivalent average diameter of the solid particles of the first catalyst.

Abstract: Integrated process for the production of biofuels from solid urban waste which comprises: subjecting said waste to liquefaction obtaining a mixture comprising an oily phase consisting of bio-oil, a solid phase and an aqueous phase; subjecting the mixture obtained from said liquefaction to separation obtaining an oily phase consisting of bio-oil, a solid phase and an aqueous phase; subjecting the oily phase consisting of bio-oil, obtained from said separation to hydroconversion in slurry phase, in the presence of at least one nanodispersed hydrogenation catalyst; wherein said liquefaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 150° C. to 350° C., preferably ranging from 200° C. to 320° C., at a pressure ranging from 5 bar to 170 bar, preferably ranging from 15 to 115 bar and for a time ranging from 5 minutes to 240 minutes, preferably ranging from 15 to 90 minutes. The biofuels thus obtained can be used as such, or in a mixture with other fuels, for automotive.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from a stream rich in hydrocarbons and carbonaceous residues by means of a treatment section, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: sending said stream to a primary treatment, effected in one or more steps, wherein said stream is treated in the presence of a fluxant agent in a suitable apparatus, at a temperature ranging from 80 to 180° C., preferably from 100 to 160° C., and subjected to liquid/solid separation in order to obtain a clarified product essentially consisting of liquids and a cake (oilcake); possibly subjecting the separated cake to drying, in order to remove the hydrocarbon component having a boiling point lower than a temperature ranging from 300 to 350° C. from the cake; sending the cake, possibly dried, to a secondary thermal treatment comprising: a flameless pyrolysis of the cake effected between 400 and 800° C., preferably between 500 and 670° C.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from a stream rich in hydrocarbons and carbonaceous residues by means of a treatment section characterized in that it comprises the following steps: sending said stream to an extraction by mixing said stream with a suitable hydrophilizing agent, i.e.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from a stream rich in hydrocarbons and carbonaceous residues by means of a treatment section, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: sending said stream to a primary treatment, effected in one or more steps, wherein said stream is treated in the presence of a fluxant agent in a suitable apparatus, at a temperature ranging from 80 to 180° C., preferably from 100 to 160° C., and subjected to liquid/solid separation in order to obtain a clarified product essentially consisting of liquids and a cake (oilcake); possibly subjecting the separated cake to drying, in order to remove the hydrocarbon component having a boiling point lower than a temperature ranging from 300 to 350° C. from the cake; sending the cake, possibly dried, to a secondary thermal treatment comprising: a flameless pyrolysis of the cake effected between 400 and 800° C., preferably between 500 and 670° C.

Abstract: Process for maintaining the stability of performances of a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch reaction, performed in a slurry bubble column reactor under a triphase system which comprises gradually increasing the PH2O/PH2 ratio and the PH2O/Z ratio, during the start-up phase, with Z=P0·(T/T1)4·e?(K2/(t·K3)) from 0.4 to 0.8, for a period of time not shorter than 100-150 hrs and not longer than 200-300 hours and, at the end of the start-up phase, maintaining the PH2O/PH2 and PH2O/Z ratios substantially equal to or lower than 0.8.

Abstract: The mercaptans R—SH contained in a hydrocarbon stream are oxidized to the corresponding (di)sulfides by means of a redox system which comprises trivalent iron and a heteropolyacid which allows the complete reoxidation of the reduced iron also with air.