Abstract: Propellants for rockets, space transportation vehicles, launch vehicles and systems, crew escape vehicles and systems, launch escape towers, and space vehicle systems are disclosed. Some embodiments provide a rocket propellant comprising a mixture of a small chain alkane from 1 to 4 carbons and a small chain alkene from 3 to 4 carbons. The mixture of the small chain alkane and small chain alkene is in a proportion that lowers the melting of the mixture below the melting point of both the small chain alkane and small chain alkene.