Abstract: A tunable antifuse element (102, 202, 204, 504, 952) includes a substrate material (101) having an active area (106) formed in a surface, a gate electrode (104) having at least a portion positioned above the active area (106), and a dielectric layer (110) disposed between the gate electrode (104) and the active area (106). The dielectric layer (110) includes a tunable stepped structure (127). During operation, a voltage applied between the gate electrode (104) and the active area (106) creates a current path through the dielectric layer (110) and a rupture of the dielectric layer (110) in a rupture region (130). The dielectric layer (110) is tunable by varying the stepped layer thicknesses and the geometry of the layer.

Abstract: A tunable antifuse element (102, 202, 204, 504, 952) and method of fabricating the tunable antifuse element, including a substrate material (101) having an active area (106) formed in a surface, a gate electrode (104) having at least a portion positioned above the active area (106), and a dielectric layer (110) disposed between the gate electrode (104) and the active area (106). The dielectric layer (110) including the fabrication of one of a tunable stepped structure (127). During operation, a voltage applied between the gate electrode (104) and the active area (106) creates a current path through the dielectric layer (110) and a rupture of the dielectric layer (110) in a plurality of rupture regions (130). The dielectric layer (110) is tunable by varying the stepped layer thicknesses and the geometry of the layer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for a MOSFET (50, 99, 199) exhibiting increased source-drain breakdown voltage (BVdss). Source (S) (70) and drain (D) (76) are spaced apart by a channel (90) underlying a gate (84) and one or more carrier drift spaces (92, 92?) serially located between the channel (90) and the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?). A buried region (96, 96?) of the same conductivity type as the drift space (92, 92?) and the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?) is provided below the drift space (92, 92?), separated therefrom in depth by a narrow gap (94, 94?) and ohmically coupled to the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?). Current flow (110) through the drift space produces a potential difference (Vt) across this gap (94, 94?).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for a MOSFET (50, 99, 199) exhibiting increased source-drain breakdown voltage (BVdss). Source (S) (70) and drain (D) (76) are spaced apart by a channel (90) underlying a gate (84) and one or more carrier drift spaces (92, 92?) serially located between the channel (90) and the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?). A buried region (96, 96?) of the same conductivity type as the drift space (92, 92?) and the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?) is provided below the drift space (92, 92?), separated therefrom in depth by a narrow gap (94, 94?) and ohmically coupled to the source (70, 70?) or drain (76, 76?). Current flow (110) through the drift space produces a potential difference (Vt) across this gap (94, 94?).

Abstract: A circuit and method protect a transistor (68, 70) from damage when controlling an input signal (V.sub.PROG) that exceeds a gate to channel stress voltage of the transistor. A small, low current protection transistor (64, 66) is serially coupled to the gate electrode of the transistor being protected. The gate of the protection transistor is biased to a voltage (V.sub.P, V.sub.N) of lower magnitude than the input signal to limit the voltage applied to the gate of the protected transistor to a value within the stress voltage of the protected transistor.

Abstract: A single level gate NVM device (10) includes p-channel and n-channel floating gate FETs (12, 14), an erasing capacitor (26), and a programming capacitor (28). The NVM device (10) is programmed by applying a programming voltage to the programming capacitor (28) and applying a ground voltage to the sources of the FETs (12, 14). The NVM device (10) is erased by applying an erasing voltage to the erasing capacitor (26) and applying ground voltage to the sources of the FETs (12, 14) and to the programming capacitor (28). Data is read from the NVM device (10) by sensing a voltage level at the drains of the FETs (12, 14) while applying a logic high voltage to the source of the p-channel FET (12), a logic low voltage to the source of the n-channel FET (14), and a reading voltage to the programming capacitor (28).

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory cell (10) includes a single n-channel insulated gate FET (11) having a single floating gate (12). The FET (11) operates asymmetrically in a sense that the capacitance of a parasitic gate-source capacitor (24) is smaller than the capacitance of a parasitic gate-drain capacitor (26). The asymmetric condition is achievable either by fabricating the FET (11) as an asymmetric structure (30, 60) or by adjusting the capacitance of the parasitic capacitors (24, 26) through terminal biasing when the FET (11) is a short channel device. The potential of the floating gate (12) is controlled by biasing the source (14), drain (16), and substrate (18) of the FET (11). The cell (10) is programmed by moving charge onto the floating gate (12) via hot carrier injection, erased by moving charge from the floating gate (12) via tunneling, and read by sensing the conductive state of the FET (11).

Abstract: A non-volatile memory cell (10) is provided employing two transistors (11, 12) connected in series. A floating gate structure (13), formed with a single polysilicon deposition, is shared by each transistor (11, 12) to store the logic condition of the memory cell (10). To program and erase the memory cell (10), a voltage potential is placed on the floating gate (13) which modulates the transistors (11, 12) so only one is conducting during read operations. The gate capacitance of the transistors (11, 12) is used to direct the movement of electrons on or off the floating gate structure (13) to place or remove the stored voltage potential. The two transistor memory cell (10) couples one of two voltage potentials as the output voltage so no sense amp or buffer circuitry is required. The memory cell (10) can be constructed using traditional CMOS processing methods since no additional process steps or device elements are required.