Abstract: A method of processing agricultural images includes comparing object detections performed by multiple image processing schemes to determine a set of ground truth images from which at least one machine learning (ML) models used by at least one ML algorithm included in the multiple image processing schemes is trained, wherein the multiple image processing schemes include two or more of (a) an image processing scheme that includes a cascade of multiple ML algorithms; (b) an image processing scheme that includes image annotation based on user feedback; or (c) an image processing scheme that includes a cascade of an ML algorithm or a computer vision (CV) algorithm and a user feedback.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural observation and treatment system and method of operation. The agricultural treatment system may receive captured sensor data of an agricultural environment by one or more image capture devices, generate a first image from the captured sensor data, detect a first real-world agricultural object from the first image, determine a first pose of the first real-world agricultural object, identify the detected first real-world agricultural object as a new agricultural object or a preidentified agricultural object, and determine a treatment policy associated with the first real-world agricultural object.

Abstract: A method includes traversing, by the treatment system, along a path in an agricultural environment, receiving, by the treatment system, one or more sensor readings comprising one or more agricultural objects, identifying one or more objects of interest from the one or more agricultural objects by analyzing the one or more sensor readings, determining a first target object of the one or more objects of interest for treatment, selecting a treatment policy to treat the first target object, and activating the treatment mechanism to treat the first target object with the treatment policy.

Abstract: Various embodiments of apparatuses, methods, systems, and computer program products described herein are directed to a treatment system. An example apparatus includes a treatment apparatus having a first fluid source, one or more channels for delivering a first fluid of the first fluid source, and a treatment unit, the treatment unit having one or more fluid regulators, including a first fluid regulator configured to regulate a flow of the first fluid received by the treatment unit, a movable treatment head unit having one or more spraying tips, a first channel fluidly coupling the one or more spraying tips with the first fluid regulator, wherein the first fluid regulator controls a volume of fluid emitted from the one or more spraying tips, an one or more controllers disposed in the treatment unit configured to control the one or more fluid regulators.

Abstract: An agricultural treatment system can include one or more motor assemblies, linkage assemblies coupled to the motor assemblies, and a treatment head assembly coupled to the linkage assemblies. Each motor assembly can rotate about a motor assembly rotational axis and each linkage assembly can move in a direction in response to motor assembly rotation about a motor assembly rotational axis. Portions of the treatment head assembly can rotate about one or more treatment head assembly rotational axes in response to linkage assembly movement. The treatment head assembly can include a treatment head, a fluid port that delivers a fluid into the treatment head, spraying tip(s) that spray the fluid onto an agricultural target object, and a fluid regulator that delivers the fluid from the fluid port to the spraying tip(s). The fluid regulator can be coupled to and can rotate with the treatment head, which can be movable.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural observation and treatment system and method of operation. Fluid may be provided through a first pressurized fluid line from a fluid source within an agricultural treatment system to a fluid port of a treatment head assembly of the agricultural treatment system. The fluid may be delivered from the fluid port to one or more spraying tips when the fluid regulator is actuated when in a desired position.

Abstract: A method includes traversing, by the treatment system, along a path in an agricultural environment, receiving, by the treatment system, one or more sensor readings comprising one or more agricultural objects, identifying one or more objects of interest from the one or more agricultural objects by analyzing the one or more sensor readings, determining a first target object of the one or more objects of interest for treatment, selecting a treatment policy to treat the first target object, and activating the treatment mechanism to treat the first target object with the treatment policy.

Abstract: Various embodiments of methods, systems, and computer program products described herein are directed to a treatment system. An example method includes identifying a type of a first target agricultural object, based on the identified type of the first target agricultural object, determining a first spray profile for treating the first target agricultural object, sending instructions of a first treatment parameter to a treatment unit, and based on the first spray profile, activating the treatment unit to emit a first fluid at the first target agricultural object, wherein the first fluid regulator is moved to an opened position for an amount of time such that the first fluid is emitted, via the first spraying tip, as a first fluid projectile at the first target agricultural object for a first spray duration.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate generally to computer vision and automation to autonomously identify and deliver for application a treatment to an object among other objects, data science and data analysis, including machine learning, deep learning, and other disciplines of computer-based artificial intelligence to facilitate identification and treatment of objects, and robotics and mobility technologies to navigate a delivery system, more specifically, to an agricultural delivery system configured to identify and apply, for example, an agricultural treatment to an identified agricultural object. In some examples, a method may include, at least, detecting an optical sight to align with an associated agricultural object, tracking the agricultural objects relative to the optical sight, predicting a parameter to track in association with agricultural object, and activating an emitter to apply an action based on the parameter.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate generally to computer vision and automation to autonomously identify and deliver for application a treatment to an object among other objects, data science and data analysis, including machine learning, deep learning, and other disciplines of computer-based artificial intelligence to facilitate identification and treatment of objects, and robotics and mobility technologies to navigate a delivery system, more specifically, to an agricultural delivery system configured to identify and apply, for example, an agricultural treatment to an identified agricultural object.

Abstract: Various embodiments of apparatuses, methods, systems, and computer program products described herein are directed to a treatment system having a first group of in line emitters, a second group of in line emitters, and one or more payload sources, configured to identify a first group of one or more agricultural objects, select a first emitter from the first group of in line emitters to apply a first liquid-based treatment to the identified first group of one or more agricultural objects, identify a second group of one or more agricultural objects, select a second emitter from the second group of in line emitters to apply a second liquid-based treatment to the identified second group of one or more agricultural objects, simultaneously apply the first liquid-based treatment towards the first group of one or more agricultural objects and apply the second liquid-based treatment towards the second group of one or more agricultural objects.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate generally to computer vision and automation to autonomously identify and deliver for application a treatment to an object among other objects, data science and data analysis, including machine learning, deep learning, and other disciplines of computer-based artificial intelligence to facilitate identification and treatment of objects, and robotics and mobility technologies to navigate a delivery system, more specifically, to an agricultural delivery system configured to identify and apply, for example, an agricultural treatment to an identified agricultural object. In some examples, a method may include, at least, detecting an optical sight to align with an associated agricultural object, tracking the agricultural objects relative to the optical sight, predicting a parameter to track in association with agricultural object, and activating an emitter to apply an action based on the parameter.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural observation and treatment system and method of operation. The agricultural treatment system may determine a first real-world geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The system can receive captured images depicting real-world agricultural objects of a geographic scene. The system can associate captured images with the determined geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The treatment system can identify, from a group of mapped and indexed images, images having a second real-word geo-spatial location that is proximate with the first real-world geo-spatial location. The treatment system can compare at least a portion of the identified images with at least a portion of the captured images. The treatment system can determine a target object and emit a fluid projectile at the target object using a treatment device.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate generally to computer vision and automation to autonomously identify and deliver for application a treatment to an object among other objects, data science and data analysis, including machine learning, deep learning, and other disciplines of computer-based artificial intelligence to facilitate identification and treatment of objects, and robotics and mobility technologies to navigate a delivery system, more specifically, to an agricultural delivery system configured to identify and apply, for example, an agricultural treatment to an identified agricultural object.

Abstract: A method and system having instructions to perform actions include obtaining images of an agricultural environment including a first image comprising at least one background portion and one or more regions of interest, implementing a machine learning (ML) algorithm on a portion of the first image including a portion of the background portion and the one or more regions of interest, detecting a plurality of objects associated with a plurality of real-world objects in the agricultural environment in at least one region of interest in the one or more regions of interest of the first image including detecting a first object and detecting a second object, implementing a second algorithm on the portion of the first image comprising the first object to detect one or more divided features of the first object, tracking a feature of the one or more divided features across subsequent images as the moving platform traverses the agricultural environment, tracking the second object, and selecting a target action configured

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural observation and treatment system and method of operation. The agricultural treatment system may determine a first real-world geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The system can receive captured images depicting real-world agricultural objects of a geographic scene. The system can associate captured images with the determined geo-spatial location of the treatment system. The treatment system can identify, from a group of mapped and indexed images, images having a second real-word geo-spatial location that is proximate with the first real-world geo-spatial location. The treatment system can compare at least a portion of the identified images with at least a portion of the captured images. The treatment system can determine a target object and emit a fluid projectile at the target object using a treatment device.

Abstract: A method performed by a treatment system disposed on a moving platform, the treatment system having one or more processors, a storage and a treatment mechanism, comprising: receiving one or more images of an environment in which the moving platform is operating; identifying, in real-time, a pose of the moving platform using sensor inputs; identifying one or more target objects by processing the one or more images using a machine learning (ML) algorithm; and controlling the treatment mechanism to treat the one or more target objects by orienting the treatment mechanism towards the one or more target objects at least partially based on the pose.

Abstract: A system provides for receiving data representing a policy with which to implement one or more actions in association with one or more subsets of agricultural objects. The system identifies a subset of payloads to provide actions based on data representing the policy for one or more subsets of agricultural objects. The system determines whether a payload is sufficient to implement the one or more actions. The system transmits data representing executable instructions to implement the one or more actions.

Abstract: Various embodiments of apparatuses, methods, systems, and computer program products described herein are directed to a treatment system having a first group of in line emitters, a second group of in line emitters, and one or more payload sources, configured to identify a first group of one or more agricultural objects, select a first emitter from the first group of in line emitters to apply a first liquid-based treatment to the identified first group of one or more agricultural objects, identify a second group of one or more agricultural objects, select a second emitter from the second group of in line emitters to apply a second liquid-based treatment to the identified second group of one or more agricultural objects, simultaneously apply the first liquid-based treatment towards the first group of one or more agricultural objects and apply the second liquid-based treatment towards the second group of one or more agricultural objects.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, methods, systems and computer program products described herein are directed to an agricultural treatment system and method of operation. The agricultural treatment system uses a spraying apparatus for spraying fluid at agricultural objects. The spraying apparatus is configured with a spraying head assembly that includes a moveable spraying head with one or more spraying tips a first motor assembly having a first motor interconnected with the spraying head assembly, wherein the one or more spraying tips pivot and rotate about an axis via a rotation of the first motor to emit a first fluid of the one or more fluids at the agricultural objects.