Abstract: Accessory systems configured to convert motion from a given exercise device into computer readable instructions for a given general-purpose computer. The accessory systems include a microcontroller and a sensor. The microcontroller is in data communication with the given general-purpose computer. The sensor is in data communication with the microcontroller and mounted in a position to monitor the given exercise device. The sensor is configured to detect motion of the given exercise device and to send motion data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is programed with computer executable instructions to convert the motion data into computer readable instructions for the given general-purpose computer. In some examples, the accessory system includes a magnet, a first supplementary input, a second supplementary input, and/or a user input device.

Abstract: An electronic or electro-optic device includes a p-type semi-conductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer having a region of contact with the p-type semiconductor layer to provide a p-n junction, a first electrical lead in electrical connection with the p-type semiconductor layer, and a second electrical lead in electrical connection with the n-type semiconductor layer. At least one of the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers includes a doped topological-insulator material having an electrically conducting surface, and one of the first and second electrical leads is electrically connected to the electrically conducting surface of the topological-insulator material.

Abstract: An electronic or electro-optic device includes a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer having a region of contact with the p-type semiconductor layer to provide a p-n junction, a first electrical lead in electrical connection with the p-type semiconductor layer, and a second electrical lead in electrical connection with the n-type semiconductor layer. At least one of the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers includes a doped topological-insulator material having an electrically conducting surface, and one of the first and second electrical leads is electrically connected to the electrically conducting surface of the topological-insulator material.

Abstract: An electronic or electro-optic device includes a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer having a region of contact with the p-type semiconductor layer to provide a p-n junction, a first electrical lead in electrical connection with the p-type semiconductor layer, and a second electrical lead in electrical connection with the n-type semiconductor layer. At least one of the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers includes a doped topological-insulator material having an electrically conducting surface, and one of the first and second electrical leads is electrically connected to the electrically conducting surface of the topological-insulator material.