Abstract: A system and method sorts particles suspended in a fluid. The system includes a transverse flow filter and a microfluidic sorter. The transverse flow filter concentrates the particles in a retained portion of the fluid. The microfluidic sorter sorts the particles and includes a delivery channel and at least one sorting stage. The delivery channel is dimensioned to permit passage of all the particles in the retained fluid from the transverse flow filter. The delivery channel delivers the particles in the retained fluid to a respective input for each sorting stage and exhausts a remainder of both the particles and the retained fluid at a drain output. Each sorting stage has a labyrinth of interconnected passageways dimensioned to permit passage from the respective input to a respective output for the sorting stage of those of the particles smaller than a respective size for the sorting stage.

Abstract: A true random number generator including a transistor, a first voltage source, a second voltage source, and a comparator. The transistor has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. Two of the electrodes are electrically connected by a channel of conductive nanomaterial. The first voltage source is electrically connected to the first electrode and the second voltage source is electrically connected to the second electrode. The comparator is electrically connected to the third electrode and is configured to classify a measured electrical property at the third electrode as either HIGH or LOW based on a comparison of the measured electrical property with a reference value. The measured electrical property varies over time due to random telegraph signals (RTSs) due to defects in the transistor.

Abstract: A true random number generator including a transistor, a first voltage source, a second voltage source, and a comparator. The transistor has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. Two of the electrodes are electrically connected by a channel of conductive nanomaterial. The first voltage source is electrically connected to the first electrode and the second voltage source is electrically connected to the second electrode. The comparator is electrically connected to the third electrode and is configured to classify a measured electrical property at the third electrode as either HIGH or LOW based on a comparison of the measured electrical property with a reference value. The measured electrical property varies over time due to random telegraph signals (RTSs) due to defects in the transistor.