Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process for cracking multiple feedstocks in a FCC apparatus comprising a first set of feed distributors having first distributor tips and a second set of feed distributors having second distributor tips is provided. A first feed is injected into the riser from first distributor tips. A second feed is injected into the riser from second distributor tips. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are positioned at different radii in the riser. The first feed and the second feed are cracked in the riser in the presence of an FCC catalyst to provide a cracked effluent stream. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are located into a region of lower catalyst density and a region of higher catalyst density respectively in the riser.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process for cracking multiple feedstocks in a FCC apparatus comprising a first set of feed distributors having first distributor tips and a second set of feed distributors having second distributor tips is provided. A first feed is injected into the riser from first distributor tips. A second feed is injected into the riser from second distributor tips. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are positioned at different radii in the riser. The first feed and the second feed are cracked in the riser in the presence of an FCC catalyst to provide a cracked effluent stream. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are located into a region of lower catalyst density and a region of higher catalyst density respectively in the riser.

Abstract: A process for combusting coke from catalyst in partial burn mode is disclosed. The regenerator comprises two chambers. The bulk of the combustion is performed in a first chamber. Disengagement of the catalyst from gas is conducted in the second chamber. Heated gas with a low fraction of oxygen fluidizes catalyst in the second chamber.

Abstract: Methods for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from fluid catalytic cracking unit regenerators are provided. In one embodiment, a method for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from an FCC unit regenerator includes the steps of combining biochar with a hydrocarbon feedstock to generate a biochar-containing feedstock and contacting the biochar-containing feedstock with an FCC catalyst. In another embodiment, a method for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from a FCC unit regenerator includes the steps of fluidizing catalyst fines and biochar particles in a fluidizing gas and adhering a portion of the catalyst fines to the biochar particles while in the fluidizing gas.

Abstract: A process for combusting coke from catalyst in partial burn mode is disclosed. The regenerator comprises two chambers. The bulk of the combustion is performed in a first chamber. Disengagement of the catalyst from gas is conducted in the second chamber. Heated gas with a low fraction of oxygen fluidizes catalyst in the second chamber.

Abstract: Methods for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from fluid catalytic cracking unit regenerators are provided. In one embodiment, a method for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from an FCC unit regenerator includes the steps of combining biochar with a hydrocarbon feedstock to generate a biochar-containing feedstock and contacting the biochar-containing feedstock with an FCC catalyst. In another embodiment, a method for reducing flue gas particulate emissions from a FCC unit regenerator includes the steps of fluidizing catalyst fines and biochar particles in a fluidizing gas and adhering a portion of the catalyst fines to the biochar particles while in the fluidizing gas.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment may be a process for fluid catalytic cracking. The process can include providing a stream through a plurality of distributors to a riser terminating in a reaction vessel. Often, the plurality of distributors includes a first distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around a perimeter of the riser, a second distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around the perimeter of the riser, and a third distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around the perimeter of the riser.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for cracking a hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a cracking catalyst in a riser. The cracking catalyst is regenerated in a regenerator to produce a flue gas stream having a particulate concentration, where the flue gas stream is vented. A second stream is contacted with the cracking catalyst in the riser while the first hydrocarbon stream is contacted with the catalyst, where the second stream includes a natural oil. The particulate concentration is a second particulate concentration while the second stream contacts the cracking catalyst, and a first particulate concentration prior to the second stream contacting the cracking catalyst. The first particulate concentration is greater than the second particulate concentration.

Abstract: Catalyst regenerators and methods of their use are provided. A method includes combusting coke from the catalyst in a second stage regenerator to produce a second flue gas, where the second stage regenerator includes a second combustion chamber and a top having a top cross-sectional area. The coke is partially combusted from the catalyst in a first stage regenerator with a first combustion chamber having a first combustion chamber cross-sectional area greater than the top cross-sectional area. The first stage regenerator is positioned above the top of the second stage regenerator. The first combustion chamber includes a cylindrical section directly over the top and an annular section surrounding the cylindrical section. The second flue gas is vented into the first stage regenerator through a vent tube, and a portion of the second flue gas is dispersed into the annular section of the first combustion chamber.

Abstract: Catalyst regenerators and methods of their use are provided. A method includes combusting coke from the catalyst in a second stage regenerator to produce a second flue gas, where the second stage regenerator includes a second combustion chamber and a top having a top cross-sectional area. The coke is partially combusted from the catalyst in a first stage regenerator with a first combustion chamber having a first combustion chamber cross-sectional area greater than the top cross-sectional area. The first stage regenerator is positioned above the top of the second stage regenerator. The first combustion chamber includes a cylindrical section directly over the top and an annular section surrounding the cylindrical section. The second flue gas is vented into the first stage regenerator through a vent tube, and a portion of the second flue gas is dispersed into the annular section of the first combustion chamber.

Abstract: A riser includes a housing in communication with a entry conduit and an exit conduit. The housing is defined by a holdup chamber having a volume of between about 1133 liters and about 45307 liters. The riser is designed to receive a hydrocarbon feed and a catalyst. An apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking includes a riser in fluid communication with a reactor vessel. A hydrocarbon feed stream and a catalyst travel through a first section of the riser at a first velocity of between about 1.5 msec to about 10 msec and through a second section of the riser at a second velocity of more than about 15 msec. A process for fluid catalytic cracking uses a riser with a holdup chamber. A hydrocarbon feed and a catalyst decrease in velocity in the holdup chamber to between 1.5 msec and 10 msec.

Abstract: A regenerator for an FCC apparatus. The regenerator includes a riser inside of a shell. The riser includes a cone and a cone skirt. An annulus is formed between the riser and the shell. A sealing system for keeping catalyst out of a portion of the annulus comprises a first sealing element and a second sealing element disposed above the second sealing element. The second sealing element comprises a ring having one or more plates being movable to accommodate the thermal expansion of the riser.

Abstract: A regenerator for an FCC apparatus. The regenerator includes a riser inside of a shell. The riser includes a cone and a cone skirt. An annulus is formed between the riser and the shell. A sealing system for keeping catalyst out of a portion of the annulus comprises a first sealing element and a second sealing element disposed above the second sealing element. The second sealing element comprises a ring having one or more plates being movable to accommodate the thermal expansion of the riser.

Abstract: A process for controlling emissions from a regenerator vessel that is part of a fluid catalytic cracking unit including a reactor, where the process includes setting a predetermined temperature value in a control unit, wherein the predetermined temperature is the desired temperature within the regenerator vessel. The process also preferably includes controlling the actual temperature within the regenerator vessel by using the predetermined temperature value set in the control unit to appropriately increase or decrease the amount of catalyst being recycled within the reactor.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon feed to a catalytic reactor can be heat exchanged with flue gas from a catalyst regenerator. This innovation enables recovery of more energy from flue gas thus resulting in a lower flue gas discharge temperature. As a result, other hot hydrocarbon streams conventionally used to preheat hydrocarbon feed can now be used to generate more high pressure steam.

Abstract: A riser includes a housing in communication with a entry conduit and an exit conduit. The housing is defined by a holdup chamber having a volume of between about 1133 liters and about 45307 liters. The riser is designed to receive a hydrocarbon feed and a catalyst. An apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking includes a riser in fluid communication with a reactor vessel. A hydrocarbon feed stream and a catalyst travel through a first section of the riser at a first velocity of between about 1.5 m/sec to about 10 m/sec and through a second section of the riser at a second velocity of more than about 15 m/sec. A process for fluid catalytic cracking uses a riser with a holdup chamber. A hydrocarbon feed and a catalyst decrease in velocity in the holdup chamber to between 1.5 m/sec and 10 m/sec.

Abstract: A system for distributing particulate material into a particulate vessel includes a particulate material distributor for introducing the particulate material into the particulate vessel. The particulate material distributor includes a declined header that defines a plurality of orifices that are spaced along a length of the declined header for accommodating flow of particulate material from the declined header. The system also includes a vessel level controller for controlling a level of the particulate material in the particulate vessel. The vessel level controller controls flow of the particulate material through one or more of the orifices in the declined header through adjustment of the level of particulate material in the particulate vessel between the plurality of orifices in the declined header. A FCC unit including the system is also provided, along with a method for distributing particulate material into a particulate vessel using the system.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment may be a process for fluid catalytic cracking. The process can include providing a stream through a plurality of distributors to a riser terminating in a reaction vessel. Often, the plurality of distributors includes a first distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around a perimeter of the riser, a second distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around the perimeter of the riser, and a third distributor set having at least two distributors positioned around the perimeter of the riser.

Abstract: A system for distributing particulate material into a particulate vessel includes a particulate material distributor for introducing the particulate material into the particulate vessel. The particulate material distributor includes a declined header that defines a plurality of orifices that are spaced along a length of the declined header for accommodating flow of particulate material from the declined header. The system also includes a vessel level controller for controlling a level of the particulate material in the particulate vessel. The vessel level controller controls flow of the particulate material through one or more of the orifices in the declined header through adjustment of the level of particulate material in the particulate vessel between the plurality of orifices in the declined header. A FCC unit including the system is also provided, along with a method for distributing particulate material into a particulate vessel using the system.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for fluid catalytic cracking The process can include providing a mixture of a fuel gas and at least one of steam and nitrogen to a catalyst stripping zone of a reaction zone. Usually, the fuel gas is added in an amount effective to add heat duty to a regeneration zone for a catalyst of the reaction zone.