Abstract: Apparatus for processing images which have been sampled on a rectangular grid and which have been binary digitized with one bit per pixel, each pixel being considered in relation to at least some of the eight surrounding pixels in the rectangular grid. The apparatus includes a control unit (4), a random access memory (5) for storing the pixel bits, and a feedback loop connecting the image memory output to its input via at least one feedback assembly (6) comprising shift register unit (6A, 6B), a function memory (7) and a selector (8). The shift register units comprises at least one write unit (6A) and at least one read unit (6B), with the read unit being connected to the output of the image memory and being connected to supply nine bits simultaneously to the input of the function memory. The nine bits correspond to a pixel under examination and to the eight surrounding pixels, and are changed at each shift of the shift register units.

Abstract: A system for coding flat objects, in particular letters, comprises a manual coding station to enable a human operator to print coded indications on flat objects that a conveyor moves before him, using a printer. An optical addressing information reader on the upstream side of the manual coding station is adapted to control the printing of coded indications appropriate to information previously marked on the objects that it is able to recognize. A switching device on the path of the conveyor on the downstream side of the optical reader is used to route the objects to the printer from the optical reader either directly or via the manual coding station, where the operator controls the printing of coded indications appropriate to information previously marked on the objects marked on the objects that he is able to recognize.