Abstract: A power supply system for galvanically isolating an input voltage, which is present on an input side of the power supply system and which is hazardous when touched, from a touchable output voltage, which is to be provided on an output side of the power supply system, and to provide a constant output voltage on the output side, the power supply system including: at least two individual components, at least one individual component of the at least two individual components providing electrical energy, and a predetermined plurality of operating parameters for each individual component of the at least two individual components being monitorable by a sensor unit or a plurality of sensor units; and a monitoring unit in which: at least one operating parameter of the plurality of operating parameters of each individual component is comparable to a stored corresponding reference operating parameter.

Abstract: A method for determining a state parameter of a global navigation satellite system receiver and an apparatus, in particular its absolute position, determining being based on—a measured information including a pseudorange, a carrier phase and/or a Doppler frequency measurement, —broadcast information on the satellite orbits and clock offsets, and—high accuracy correction information of a satellite positions, clock offsets, code and/or phase biases, the method comprising:—determining a satellite position estimate and a clock offset estimate based on the broadcast information, —determining a corrected satellite position and a corrected clock offset based on the satellite position estimate and the clock offset estimate by using the high accuracy information, in particular the high accuracy correction information of the satellite position and the clock offset.

Abstract: A method for determining a robot position of an autonomous mobile green area maintenance robot on an area to be maintained includes the steps of: determining at least one robot position of the autonomous mobile green area maintenance robot by virtue of the green area maintenance robot receiving at least one global positioning signal from a global positioning system; determining a station position for at least one local positioning station on the basis of the at least one determined robot position and by interchanging at least one local positioning signal between the green area maintenance robot and the at least one positioning station; and determining a robot position of the green area maintenance robot on the area to be maintained on the basis of the at least one determined station position and by interchanging at least one local positioning signal between the green area maintenance robot and the at least one positioning station.

Abstract: Base stations of a satellite navigation system have receivers Phase biases and instrumental and atmospheric errors, are determined and transmitted to navigation devices. Precise Point Positioning includes steps of: obtaining code and phase measurements which were performed on the satellite signals by the plurality of receivers at two or more frequencies, determining separate individual values for a plurality of phase ambiguities and a plurality of the errors based on the code and phase measurements, wherein the receivers are grouped into clusters, and in each cluster a determination of a single cluster solution is performed, in which satellite errors selected from the group of satellite position errors, satellite clock errors and satellite phase biases are determined based on the phase and code measurements performed by the receivers of the respective cluster; and a multi-cluster solution is performed, in which the single cluster solutions are adjusted.

Abstract: A method for determining a robot position of an autonomous mobile green area maintenance robot on an area to be maintained includes the steps of: determining at least one robot position of the autonomous mobile green area maintenance robot by virtue of the green area maintenance robot receiving at least one global positioning signal from a global positioning system; determining a station position for at least one local positioning station on the basis of the at least one determined robot position and by interchanging at least one local positioning signal between the green area maintenance robot and the at least one positioning station; and determining a robot position of the green area maintenance robot on the area to be maintained on the basis of the at least one determined station position and by interchanging at least one local positioning signal between the green area maintenance robot and the at least one positioning station.

Abstract: Base stations of a satellite navigation system have receivers Phase biases and instrumental and atmospheric errors, are determined and transmitted to navigation devices. Precise Point Positioning includes steps of: obtaining code and phase measurements which were performed on the satellite signals by the plurality of receivers at two or more frequencies, determining separate individual values for a plurality of phase ambiguities and a plurality of the errors based on the code and phase measurements, wherein the receivers are grouped into clusters, and in each cluster a determination of a single cluster solution is performed, in which satellite errors selected from the group of satellite position errors, satellite clock errors and satellite phase biases are determined based on the phase and code measurements performed by the receivers of the respective cluster; and a multi-cluster solution is performed, in which the single cluster solutions are adjusted.

Abstract: A method is suggested for robust estimation of a subset of carrier phase integer ambiguities for precise ionospheric delay estimation. The advantages of this method are the precise estimation of receiver and satellite biases, an increase in the number of reliably fixable ambiguities, and an improved accuracy for the ionospheric delay estimation.

Abstract: A new method for bias estimation on multiple frequencies with a Kalman filter is proposed. It consists of four steps: First, a least-squares estimation of ranges, ionospheric delays, ambiguities, receiver phase biases and satellite phase biases is performed. The code biases are absorbed in the ranges and ionospheric delays, and a subset of ambiguities is mapped to the phase biases to remove linear dependencies between the unknown parameters. In a second step, the accuracy of the bias estimates is efficiently improved by a Kalman filter. The real-valued a posteriori ambiguity estimates are decorrelated by an integer ambiguity transformation to reduce the time of ambiguity resolution. Once the float ambiguities have sufficiently converged, they are fixed sequentially in a third step. Finally, a second Kalman filter is used to separate the receiver and satellite code biases and the tropospheric delays from the ranges.

Abstract: A method for estimating satellite-satellite single difference biases is described. The method uses an ionosphere-free mixed code-carrier combination of maximum ambiguities discrimination defined at the ration between wavelength and noise standard deviation. The accuracy of the biases estimation is further improved by an additional ionosphere-free mixed code-carrier combination of time-difference measurement that is uncorrelated with the first combination. Finally, an alternative method is based on a combination of carrier signals in a common frequency band which allows estimating the biases individually.

Abstract: A method for processing a set of navigation signals of a global navigation satellite system with at least three carrier signals is disclosed in which the processing of the navigation signals is based on a linear combination of the carrier signals to a combined signal. The weighting coefficients are selected such that the combined phase signal is free from geometry and free from frequency-independent disturbance variables.

Abstract: A new method for bias estimation on multiple frequencies with a Kalman filter is proposed. It consists of four steps: First, a least-squares estimation of ranges, ionospheric delays, ambiguities, receiver phase biases and satellite phase biases is performed. The code biases are absorbed in the ranges and ionospheric delays, and a subset of ambiguities is mapped to the phase biases to remove linear dependencies between the unknown parameters. In a second step, the accuracy of the bias estimates is efficiently improved by a Kalman filter. The real-valued a posteriori ambiguity estimates are decorrelated by an integer ambiguity transformation to reduce the time of ambiguity resolution. Once the float ambiguities have sufficiently converged, they are fixed sequentially in a third step. Finally, a second Kalman filter is used to separate the receiver and satellite code biases and the tropospheric delays from the ranges.

Abstract: A method for estimating satellite-satellite single difference biases is described. The method uses an ionosphere-free mixed code-carrier combination of maximum ambiguities discrimination defined at the ration between wavelength and noise standard deviation. The accuracy of the biases estimation is further improved by an additional ionosphere-free mixed code-carrier combination of time-difference measurement that is uncorrelated with the first combination. Finally, an alternative method is based on a combination of carrier signals in a common frequency band which allows estimating the biases individually.

Abstract: A method is suggested for robust estimation of a subset of carrier phase integer ambiguities for precise ionospheric delay estimation. The advantages of this method are the precise estimation of receiver and satellite biases, an increase in the number of reliably fixable ambiguities, and an improved accuracy for the ionospheric delay estimation.

Abstract: In a method for transmitting satellite data of a global navigation satellite system each satellite transmit position data of neighboring satellites to a navigation device on the earth. The subset of neighboring satellites with respect to a specific satellite is determined by averaging over a period of the inter-satellite distance. The subsets are further restricted to the condition that all visible satellites are referenced by the position data of at least one other satellite. This requirement can be met by choosing appropriate permutations among the satellites with shortest distance.

Abstract: A method for processing a set of navigation signals of a global navigation satellite system with at least three carrier signals is disclosed in which the processing of the navigation signals is based on a linear combination of the carrier signals to a combined signal. The weighting coefficients are selected such that the combined phase signal is free from geometry and free from frequency-independent disturbance variables.

Abstract: In a method for transmitting satellite data of a global navigation satellite system each satellite transmit position data of neighboring satellites to a navigation device on the earth. The subset of neighboring satellites with respect to a specific satellite is determined by averaging over a period of the inter-satellite distance. The subsets are further restricted to the condition that all visible satellites are referenced by the position data of at least one other satellite. This requirement can be met by choosing appropriate permutations among the satellites with shortest distance.