Abstract: Exercise machines and methods are provided for purposes of increasing a person's physical fitness. The systems are computer-controlled and are devoid of any stacks of weights associated with conventional exercise equipment. The systems feature isotonic modes, isokinetic modes, isometric modes and hybrid exercise modes. The systems are programmed to be suited to a particular individual user, based on their range of motion for a particular selected exercise and body part, which is determined during an initialization process. Force experienced by users is not dampened, and forces experienced by a user are responsive by the system to the force input by the user. In some embodiments the position of a user's limb is employed as an input for determining the torque output of a resistance unit which supplies resistive force for undertaking a selected exercise.

Abstract: Provided are methods for using compositions of matter which exist in a powdered, free-flowing form to which water is added preferable just prior to the time of use, to yield flowable liquid compositions which are spreadable, dispersible or sprayable onto various substrates. In some embodiments the free-flowing compositions contain water-soluble styrene/acrylic acid copolymers, and can surprisingly comprise relatively large amounts of water on the order of about 20% or more, while remaining in the form of a free-flowing powder prior to their combination with additional water to yield the spreadable, dispersible or sprayable liquid compositions. By the present disclosure, shelf life concerns are eliminated, as the compositions provided have an essentially indefinite shelf life, and transportation and handling ease are greatly increased over prior art compositions due to less weight by the absence of large relative quantities of water present in prior art compositions.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-layered structures comprising coated substrates, and methods for producing the layered structures provided. Coatings according to the disclosure are provided in greatly reduced time frames as compared to coatings of the prior art. Coating structures as provided herein can be applied to a substrate such as a garage floor, a truck bed, railcar, seatainer, tractor-trailers and the like within a single day, and are sufficiently cured to withstand heavy traffic such as motorized vehicle traffic in as little as two hours after application of the polymer precursor layer material employed.

Abstract: Articles having a plurality of pouches present in a single article, the pouches separately containing chemical materials which are capable of providing a reactive mixture mixed, that cures over time to provide a polymeric coating in certain embodiments. The chemical materials are maintained in separate pouches that are separated by one or more frangible seals. When a frangible seal is broken, such as by application of pressure to the article, the chemical materials in the separate pouches come into contact with one another and may be mixed together. Subsequent to their mixing, the mixture formed is removed from the article, such as by cutting the article with scissors, and applied to any substrate that is desired to be coated, when the chemical materials are selected to be capable of forming a cured coating subsequent to their mixture.

Abstract: Provided are compositions of matter which exist in a powdered, free-flowing form to which water is added preferable just prior to the time of use, to yield flowable liquid compositions which are spreadable, dispersible or sprayable onto various substrates. In some embodiments such free-flowing compositions contain water-soluble styrene/acrylic acid copolymers, and can surprisingly comprise relatively large amounts of water on the order of about 20% or more, while remaining in the form of a free-flowing powder prior to their combination with additional water to yield the spreadable, dispersible or sprayable liquid compositions. By the present disclosure, shelf life concerns are eliminated, as the compositions provided have an essentially indefinite shelf life, and transportation and handling ease are greatly increased over prior art compositions due to less weight by the absence of large relative quantities of water present in prior art compositions.

Abstract: Methods for treating various substrates to impart unique and artistic finishes thereto, comprising the application of a plurality of separate pigmented curable liquid compositions thereto. In some embodiments the pigmented curable liquid compositions are applied in such fashion to preclude formation of a homogeneous pigmented mixture. In some embodiments this is achieved by applying a second pigmented curable liquid composition over a first pigmented curable liquid composition prior to the full cure of the former. In other embodiments, this is achieved by simultaneous application of two pigmented curable liquid compositions which are non-homogeneous.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-layered structures comprising coated substrates, and methods for producing the layered structures provided. Coatings according to the disclosure are provided in greatly reduced time frames as compared to coatings of the prior art. Coating structures as provided herein can be applied to a substrate such as a garage floor, a truck bed, railcar, seatainer, tractor-trailers and the like within a single day, and are sufficiently cured to withstand heavy traffic such as motorized vehicle traffic in as little as two hours after application of the polymer precursor layer material employed.

Abstract: Articles having a plurality of pouches present in a single article, the pouches separately containing chemical materials which are capable of providing a reactive mixture mixed, that cures over time to provide a polymeric coating in certain embodiments. The chemical materials are maintained in separate pouches that are separated by one or more frangible seals. When a frangible seal is broken, such as by application of pressure to the article, the chemical materials in the separate pouches come into contact with one another and may be mixed together. Subsequent to their mixing, the mixture formed is removed from the article, such as by cutting the article with scissors, and applied to any substrate that is desired to be coated, when the chemical materials are selected to be capable of forming a cured coating subsequent to their mixture.

Abstract: Articles having a plurality of pouches present in a single article, the pouches separately containing chemical materials which are capable of providing a reactive mixture mixed, that cures over time to provide a polymeric coating in certain embodiments. The chemical materials are maintained in separate pouches that are separated by one or more frangible seals. When a frangible seal is broken, such as by application of pressure to the article, the chemical materials in the separate pouches come into contact with one another and may be mixed together. Subsequent to their mixing, the mixture formed is removed from the article, such as by cutting the article with scissors, and applied to any substrate that is desired to be coated, when the chemical materials are selected to be capable of forming a cured coating subsequent to their mixture.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-layered coatings, suitable to be disposed on various substrates, as well as processes for producing the coatings. Coatings according to some embodiments of the disclosure are provided on a substrate by coating the substrate with a first layer, optionally coating the first layer with a second layer, and coating the second layer, when selected to be present with a top layer. Coating structures as provided herein can be applied to a substrate such as a garage floor, a truck bed, railcar, seatainer, tractor-trailers and the like within a single day, and can often be ready for human foot traffic within 2-4 hours after application of the top layer and can be ready for heavy traffic such as automobiles within 12-24 hours after application of the top layer.

Abstract: Articles which function as a pouch and contain liquid compositions from which cured polymeric coatings are dispensable onto various selected substrates. An article according to some embodiments of the disclosure includes a tear seal that is removed from the article prior to the user's being able to access the contents of the interior of the pouch. In some embodiments there is a re-sealable closure disposed at or near the upper end of the pouch portion of the article, which enables selective opening and closing of the interior volume of the pouch portion from the ambient surroundings. At least one frangible seal is present in some embodiments, which provides for the existence of at least two separate compartments in said pouch in which may be contained two different materials, isolated from one another until the frangible seal is ruptured or compromised by the user.

Abstract: Articles having a plurality of pouches present in a single article, the pouches separately containing chemical materials which are capable of providing a reactive mixture mixed, that cures over time to provide a polymeric coating in certain embodiments. The chemical materials are maintained in separate pouches that are separated by one or more frangible seals. When a frangible seal is broken, such as by application of pressure to the article, the chemical materials in the separate pouches come into contact with one another and may be mixed together. Subsequent to their mixing, the mixture formed is removed from the article, such as by cutting the article with scissors, and applied to any substrate that is desired to be coated, when the chemical materials are selected to be capable of forming a cured coating subsequent to their mixture.

Abstract: Compositions useful as coatings, wherein the compositions comprise a coating material and a material selected from the group consisting of: mortars and grouts in admixture with the coating material. The coatings may be water-based or solvent-based, and may be epoxies, polyurethanes, polyaspartic ester polymers and polyureas in some embodiments. Compositions according to the disclosure exhibit enhanced physical properties compared with the same compositions made in the absence of a mortar or a grout as an ingredient. Compositions according to some embodiments have at least one of a mortar or grout, and optionally both, evenly dispersed within the bulk of a coating material prior to its application to a substrate sufficiently that the particles of the mortar or grout, or both when both are selected to be present, are substantially completely surrounded by a curable reactive mixture that cures to form a polymeric material useful as a coating.

Abstract: Articles having a plurality of pouches present in a single article, the pouches separately containing chemical materials which are capable of providing a reactive mixture mixed, that cures over time to provide a polymeric coating in certain embodiments. The chemical materials are maintained in separate pouches that are separated by one or more frangible seals. When a frangible seal is broken, such as by application of pressure to the article, the chemical materials in the separate pouches come into contact with one another and may be mixed together. Subsequent to their mixing, the mixture formed is removed from the article, such as by cutting the article with scissors, and applied to any substrate that is desired to be coated, when the chemical materials are selected to be capable of forming a cured coating subsequent to their mixture.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-layered coatings, suitable to be disposed on various substrates, as well as processes for producing the coatings. Coatings according to the disclosure may be provided in greatly reduced time frames as compared to similar coatings found in the prior art. Coating structures as provided herein can be applied to a substrate such as a garage floor, a truck bed, railcar, seatainer, tractor-trailers and the like within a single day, and can often be ready for human foot traffic within 2-4 hours after application of the top layer and can be ready for heavy traffic such as automobiles within 12-24 hours after application of the top layer.

Abstract: Provided herein are multi-layer composite construction materials which are suitable as an external insulating layer on a dwelling, which includes homes, office buildings and other installations. The composite constructions of the invention comprise an insulating layer which is typically abutted or adhered to an outside surface of a dwelling, often to the exterior of a foundation or basement wall near the ground line. A composite according to the invention resists damage and abrasion from normal activities, which may include landscaping activity and normal wear and tear experienced by external building surfaces.

Abstract: Provided herein is a system useful for producing polymeric coatings on substrates, by means of a spray that is produced from impinging a compressed gas on a mixture that comprises an organic polyisocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component. When a coating is produced from two components in accordance with the invention, each component is metered to an atomizing nozzle through peristaltic pumps, which enable increased control over flow characteristics as compared with prior art methods, and which importantly also enables greatly-reduced levels of wasted chemical components and attendant alleviated need for the use of volatile or expensive solvents in equipment cleaning operations. Uncured coating precursor material is allowed greater residence time on the target substrate prior to final cure using a system an process of the invention, which results in coatings having greater integrity over those produced using prior art equipment and methods, as well as reduced overall cost.