Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to medical devices and, more particularly, to a gas mixing system for a medical ventilator. A gas mixer is provided to adjust the oxygen concentration of environmental air for a blower-based ventilator, by adjusting the mix of air upstream of the ventilator and providing the mixed air to the ventilator's environmental air inlet.

Abstract: Methods and systems for dynamically adjusting the compliance of a patient circuit. In an example, the technology relates to a medical ventilation system that includes a dynamic compliance circuit. The dynamic compliance circuit includes an inspiratory tube extending from an inhalation port of a medical ventilator, the inspiratory tube defining an inner lumen for carrying breathing gases from the inhalation port towards a patient; and a compliance adjustment covering coupled to the inspiratory tube, wherein adjustments to the compliance adjustment covering alter an effective compliance of the inspiratory tube. The system may also include a processor; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the system to perform operations including, based a type of ventilation mode of the ventilator, causing an adjustment to the compliance adjustment covering to alter the effective compliance of the inspiratory tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to certain 6-azabenzimidazole compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, and methods of making and using said compounds and pharmaceutical compositions. The compounds and compositions disclosed herein may be used for the treatment or prevention of diseases, disorders, or infections modifiable by hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) inhibitors, such as HBV, HIV, cancer, and/or a hyper-proliferative disease.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating tissue necrosis include an energy delivery apparatus that can be positioned adjacent a target treatment site such as a vessel without direct contact with the treatment site tissue. Collimated energy is then directed to the vessel to create necrotic regions in the tissue. Exemplary use in renal vessels creates necrotic regions in adjacent nerves which can alleviate hypertension in a patient.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating tissue necrosis include an energy delivery apparatus that can be positioned adjacent a target treatment site such as a vessel without direct contact with the treatment site tissue. Collimated energy is then directed to the vessel to create necrotic regions in the tissue. Exemplary use in renal vessels creates necrotic regions in adjacent nerves which can alleviate hypertension in a patient.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating tissue necrosis include an energy delivery apparatus that can be positioned adjacent a target treatment site such as a vessel without direct contact with the treatment site tissue. Collimated energy is then directed to the vessel to create necrotic regions in the tissue. Exemplary use in renal vessels creates necrotic regions in adjacent nerves which can alleviate hypertension in a patient.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for creating tissue necrosis include an energy delivery apparatus that can be positioned adjacent a target treatment site such as a vessel without direct contact with the treatment site tissue. Collimated energy is then directed to the vessel to create necrotic regions in the tissue. Exemplary use in renal vessels creates necrotic regions in adjacent nerves which can alleviate hypertension in a patient.

Abstract: Highly specific measurements of flow in vessels, such as the coronary artery, can be obtained by processing cubic fundamental information. By showing flow in vessels with a high degree of contrast-to-tissue specificity, ultrasound based 3D contrast agent based coronary artery angiograms may be possible. Measurement and display of the velocity of agent from the cubic fundamental signal is provided simultaneously with display of cubic fundamental energy, such as providing a display map indexed by both energy and velocity. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for cubic fundamental detection in conjunction with long velocity measurement intervals may increase low velocity sensitivity and measurement precision. Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler may be improved by using a cubic fundamental sensitive pulse sequence.

Abstract: Highly specific measurements of flow in vessels, such as the coronary artery, can be obtained by processing cubic fundamental information. By showing flow in vessels with a high degree of contrast-to-tissue specificity, ultrasound based 3D contrast agent based coronary artery angiograms may be possible. Measurement and display of the velocity of agent from the cubic fundamental signal is provided simultaneously with display of cubic fundamental energy, such as providing a display map indexed by both energy and velocity. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for cubic fundamental detection in conjunction with long velocity measurement intervals may increase low velocity sensitivity and measurement precision. Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler may be improved by using a cubic fundamental sensitive pulse sequence.

Abstract: Contrast agents are characterized with ultrasound. Flowing or unbound contrast agents are distinguished automatically from bound or relatively stationary contrast agents. The bound or relatively stationary contrast agents are highlighted on a display. A processor distinguishes different types of contrast agents or contrast agents in different binding states with relative signal strength or velocity. Attached contrast agents are differentiated from phagocytosed contrast agents. Monitoring absolute signal strength as a function of time may indicate binding. Any one or more of these features may be used.

Abstract: System parameters for contrast agent medical imaging are conveniently set. A simplified contrast agent configuration is provided where an appropriate contrast agent detection technique and/or contrast agent imaging parameters are achieved consistently and more often then exists with current methods. Examination workflow is improved for contrast agent studies by offering one contrast agent imaging mode or configuration that is dynamically determined and optimized based on the user's selected transmit level and/or a real-time measurement of the contrast agent signals. A simplified user interface provides one contrast agent imaging mode without a need to switch between multiple modes or contrast agent detection techniques and associated contrast agent imaging parameters. The contrast agent detection technique and imaging parameters are adjusting or selected based on changes in the transmit levels for contrast agent imaging.

Abstract: A method is provided to improve the frame-rate in color-flow ultrasound imaging using simultaneous spatially-distinct transmit beams with one or more frequency bands per transmit beam. Pulses of different center frequencies are used simultaneously in different (lateral and/or elevational) directions, thereby reducing the scanning time and improving the frame-rates. Optionally, a multi-modal pulse is used, and flow is estimated separately for the different frequencies. The flow estimates for these pulses are appropriately combined to improve low-velocity sensitivity and to reduce aliasing. A flow sample count with two or more different pulse repetition intervals can be used to further improve low-flow sensitivity and minimize aliasing.

Abstract: Velocity scale is automatically determined for ultrasound imaging. Receive signals corresponding to different pulse repetition intervals are used to estimate velocities. The different velocities are used to determine the velocity scale. For example, the different pulse repetition intervals are obtained by selecting different sets of signals from a group of signals for a scan line. As another example, the different pulse repetition intervals are obtained by transmitting for a scan line with changing, such as increasing, pulse repetition intervals. The lower pulse repetition interval of a pair of intervals associated with a sign change in the phase is used for the velocity scale. In yet another example, at least two demodulation frequencies are used for a broadband transmit in at least two sets, each set with a different pulse repetition interval. Velocities are estimated for a greater number of pulse repetition intervals than transmitted using the broadband pulses.

Abstract: Contrast agents are manipulated with acoustic radiation force while ultrasound imaging. Continuous waves for acoustic radiation force are transmitted. Substantially simultaneously, pulsed waves for imaging are transmitted. Low mechanical index continuous and pulsed waves may be used to increase binding efficiency of drug containing contrast agents with the tissue for treatment. Various techniques may be used to minimize the effect of the continuous waves on imaging with the pulsed waves. The acoustic radiation force may be transmitted with an amplitude profile and/or unfocused or defocused.

Abstract: A transmit sequence for contrast agent imaging that improves sensitivity and minimizes image artifacts. The number of pulses and the interleaving of spatially distinct pulses between spatially co-linear pulses are selected such that a substantially similar pulse sequence for substantially each line in a scanned region is generated. A collateral pulse from a different scan line is interleaved between at least two imaging pulses along a scan line of interest. Such pulse sequences provide sensitive contrast agent imaging with minimized spatial variation. In another aspect, responsive signals representing the first and second scan lines are obtained. Intensities associated with the signals are determined. The intensities associated with the first scan line are compared to a value.

Abstract: System parameters for contrast agent medical imaging are conveniently set. A simplified contrast agent configuration is provided. One contrast agent imaging mode or configuration is dynamically determined and optimized based on the user's selected transmit level and/or a real-time measurement of the contrast agent signals. A simplified user interface provides one contrast agent imaging mode without a need to switch between multiple modes or contrast agent detection techniques and associated contrast agent imaging parameters. The contrast agent detection technique and imaging parameters are adjusted or selected based on changes in the transmit levels for contrast agent imaging. Appropriate contrast agent detection techniques and imaging parameters are selected for each given transmit level without the user having to switch the mode or configuration of the system during an imaging session.

Abstract: Highly specific measurements of flow in vessels, such as the coronary artery, can be obtained by processing cubic fundamental information. By showing flow in vessels with a high degree of contrast-to-tissue specificity, ultrasound based 3D contrast agent based coronary artery angiograms may be possible. Measurement and display of the velocity of agent from the cubic fundamental signal is provided simultaneously with display of cubic fundamental energy, such as providing a display map indexed by both energy and velocity. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for cubic fundamental detection in conjunction with long velocity measurement intervals may increase low velocity sensitivity and measurement precision. Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler may be improved by using a cubic fundamental sensitive pulse sequence.

Abstract: Highly specific measurements of flow in vessels, such as the coronary artery, can be obtained by processing cubic fundamental information. By showing flow in vessels with a high degree of contrast-to-tissue specificity, ultrasound based 3D contrast agent based coronary artery angiograms may be possible. Measurement and display of the velocity of agent from the cubic fundamental signal is provided simultaneously with display of cubic fundamental energy, such as providing a display map indexed by both energy and velocity. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for cubic fundamental detection in conjunction with long velocity measurement intervals may increase low velocity sensitivity and measurement precision. Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler may be improved by using a cubic fundamental sensitive pulse sequence.

Abstract: Highly specific measurements of flow in vessels, such as the coronary artery, can be obtained by processing cubic fundamental information. By showing flow in vessels with a high degree of contrast-to-tissue specificity, ultrasound based 3D contrast agent based coronary artery angiograms may be possible. Measurement and display of the velocity of agent from the cubic fundamental signal is provided simultaneously with display of cubic fundamental energy, such as providing a display map indexed by both energy and velocity. High pulse repetition frequency (PRF) for cubic fundamental detection in conjunction with long velocity measurement intervals may increase low velocity sensitivity and measurement precision. Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler may be improved by using a cubic fundamental sensitive pulse sequence.

Abstract: System parameters for contrast agent medical imaging are conveniently set. A simplified contrast agent configuration is provided where an appropriate contrast agent detection technique and/or contrast agent imaging parameters are achieved consistently and more often then exists with current methods. Examination workflow is improved for contrast agent studies by offering one contrast agent imaging mode or configuration that is dynamically determined and optimized based on the user's selected transmit level and/or a real-time measurement of the contrast agent signals. A simplified user interface provides one contrast agent imaging mode without a need to switch between multiple modes or contrast agent detection techniques and associated contrast agent imaging parameters. The contrast agent detection technique and imaging parameters are adjusting or selected based on changes in the transmit levels for contrast agent imaging.