Abstract: A co-extruded filled dough product comprises a dough shell casing and a filling material co-extruded with the dough shell casing. The filling material includes greater than about 40% of a particulate component and less than about 60% of a sauce component. The sauce component has a Bostwick consistency greater than about 7 cm and can be, e.g., a cheese-based sauce or a tomato-based sauce. A method of producing a filled dough product comprises co-extruding a dough shell casing and a filling material. A system for producing a filled dough product comprises a dough shell casing extruder die for forming a dough shell casing and a filling material die configured to extrude a filling material within the dough shell casing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method that determine a proximity between a first mobile device and a second mobile device, receive anonymized location information associated with the first mobile device and the second mobile device, respectively, select a portion of the anonymized location information that is within a first predetermined distance for each of the first mobile device and the second mobile device, respectively, transform the selected portion of the anonymized location information into approximate location probability densities for each of the first mobile device and the second mobile device, respectively, select pairs of anonymized location information from the approximate location probability densities, associated with the first and second mobile devices, respectively, and determine a distribution of distances between the selected pairs of anonymized location information associated with the first and second mobile devices, respectively, and determine a density of distances from the determined distribution of

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods and apparatuses for additive manufacturing with improved powder distribution capabilities. Specifically, the methods and apparatuses of the present disclosure incorporate powder distribution vanes to improve the lateral deposition of powder from a hopper. Such methods and apparatuses have the potential to reduce powder overhead costs, mitigate associated health and environmental risks, and increase manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods and apparatuses for additive manufacturing with improved powder distribution capabilities. Specifically, the methods and apparatuses of the present disclosure incorporate powder distribution vanes to improve the lateral deposition of powder from a hopper. Such methods and apparatuses have the potential to reduce powder overhead costs, mitigate associated health and environmental risks, and increase manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the functionality, quality, and usefulness of a beam of coherent energy used in laser shock processing by utilizing an apodizer within the oscillator or amplifier of a laser. The apodizer used may be a phase plate, a serrated aperture, a birefringent beam shaper, an absorbent graded aperture, a reflective graded aperture, or a combination thereof. A method and apparatus for reducing or preventing damage to an oscillator and an amplifier utilizes an apodizer.