Abstract: The technology relates in part to methods and compositions for analyzing nucleic acid. In some aspects, the technology relates to methods and compositions for preparing a nucleic acid library from single-stranded nucleic acid fragments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an effect of a chemical or biochemical agent on a system responsive to such agent, are disclosed. In practicing the method, a plurality of low-frequency time-domain signals of the agent are generated, each at a different at a different noise level within a selected noise level range. The signals are analyzed by producing spectral plots of the time-domain signals, and identifying an optimized agent-specific time-domain signal based on information in the spectral plots. A chemical or biological system responsive to the agent is exposed to the optimized time-domain signal by placing the system within the magnetic field of an electromagnetic transducer, and applying the signal to the transducer at a signal amplitude and for a period sufficient to produce in the system an agent-specific effect on the system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an effect of a chemical or biochemical agent on a system responsive to such agent, are disclosed. In practicing the method, a plurality of low-frequency time-domain signals of the agent are generated, each at a different at a different noise level within a selected noise level range. The signals are analyzed by producing spectral plots of the time-domain signals, and identifying an optimized agent-specific time-domain signal based on information in the spectral plots. A chemical or biological system responsive to the agent is exposed to the optimized time-domain signal by placing the system within the magnetic field of an electromagnetic transducer, and applying the signal to the transducer at a signal amplitude and for a period sufficient to produce in the system an agent-specific effect on the system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an effect of a chemical or biochemical agent on a system responsive to such agent, are disclosed. In practicing the method, a plurality of low-frequency time-domain signals of the agent are generated, each at a different at a different noise level within a selected noise level range. The signals are analyzed by producing spectral plots of the time-domain signals, and identifying an optimized agent-specific time-domain signal based on information in the spectral plots. A chemical or biological system responsive to the agent is exposed to the optimized time-domain signal by placing the system within the magnetic field of an electromagnetic transducer, and applying the signal to the transducer at a signal amplitude and for a period sufficient to produce in the system an agent-specific effect on the system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus inject noise into a substance, detect the combination of the noise and the signal emitted by the substance, adjust the noise until the combination signal takes on the characteristic of the signal generated by the substance through stochastic resonance, and apply such characteristic signals to responsive chemical, biochemical, or biological systems. The generated signal may be stored, manipulated, and/or transmitted to a remote receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interrogating a sample that exhibits molecular rotation are disclosed. In practicing the method, the sample is placed in a container having both magnetic and electromagnetic shielding, and Gaussian noise is injected into the sample. An electromagnetic time-domain signal composed of sample source radiation superimposed on the injected Gaussian noise is detected, and this signal is used to generate a spectral plot that displays, at a selected power setting of the Gaussian noise source, low-frequency spectral components characteristic of the sample in a selected frequency range between DC and 50 kHz. In one embodiment, the spectral plot that is generated is a histogram of stochastic resonance events over the selected frequency range. From this spectrum, one or more low-frequency signal components that are characteristic of the sample being interrogated are identified.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interrogating a sample that exhibits molecular rotation are disclosed. In practicing the method, the sample is placed in a container having both magnetic and electromagnetic shielding, and Gaussian noise is injected into the sample. An electromagnetic time-domain signal composed of sample source radiation superimposed on the injected Guassian noise is detected, and this signal is used to generate a spectral plot that displays, at a selected power setting of the Gaussian noise source, low-frequency spectral components characteristic of the sample in a selected frequency range between DC and 50 kHz. In one embodiment, the spectral plot that is generated is a histogram of stochastic resonance events over the selected frequency range. From this spectrum, one or more low-frequency signal components that are characteristic of the sample being interrogated are identified.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interrogating a sample that exhibits molecular rotation includes placing the sample in a container having both magnetic and electromagnetic shielding, where Gaussian noise is injected into the sample. An electromagnetic time-domain signal composed of sample source radiation superimposed on the injected Guassian noise is detected, and this signal is used to generate a spectral plot that displays, at a selected power setting of the Gaussian noise source, low-frequency spectral components characteristic of the sample in a selected frequency range between DC and 50 kHz. In one embodiment, the spectral plot that is generated is a histogram of stochastic resonance events over the selected frequency range. From this spectrum, one or more low-frequency signal components that are characteristic of the sample being interrogated are identified.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interrogating a sample that exhibits molecular rotation are disclosed. In practicing the method, the sample is placed in a container having both magnetic and electromagnetic shielding, and Gaussian noise is injected into the sample. An electromagnetic time-domain signal composed of sample source radiation superimposed on the injected Guassian noise is detected, and this signal is used to generate a spectral plot that displays, at a selected power setting of the Gaussian noise source, low-frequency spectral components characteristic of the sample in a selected frequency range between DC and 50 kHz. In one embodiment, the spectral plot that is generated is a histogram of stochastic resonance events over the selected frequency range. From this spectrum, one or more low-frequency signal components that are characteristic of the sample being interrogated are identified.