Abstract: The disclosure relates to improvements in methods for efficient editing of two or more endogenous tomato genes by insertion of one or more single stranded DNA donor molecules that are not homologous to the insertion sites in the tomato genome.

Abstract: A clock distribution approach includes distributing a clock signal from a clock tree to a first set of circuit elements characterized by a first circuit characteristic; and distributing a clock signal from a sub-tree of the clock tree to a second set of circuit elements characterized by a second circuit characteristic different from the first circuit characteristic.

Abstract: A network communications device is arranged to have a fast throughput of data packets. This is achieved by recognising that, in protocols such as Ethernet, the first symbols in a data packet do not carry any data and therefore do not necessarily require to be properly carried through a communications hub. Rather, a known number of symbols are discarded from the start of a packet on receipt and replaced on re-transmission. This discarding reduces the reception delays particularly in bussed-architecture repeaters where bus arbitration must take place for each received packet.

Abstract: A phase locked loop is provided that includes a phase comparator for receiving an incoming signal with which is desired to lock. A loop filter processes a current error signal. An integrator adjusts the output to account for the error. The phase comparator, loop filter and integrator are formed from logic elements.