Abstract: The invention relates to a process for reclaiming methacrylic acid from a high-boiler phase in a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid comprising the following steps a) Providing a high-boiler phase from a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid b) Providing an aqueous phase, preferably organically loaded, from a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid c) Mixing of components a) and b) optionally followed by filtration or centrifugation d) Adding an extraction media to the mixture from c) e) Subjecting the multiple-phase mixture from d) to at least one mixer-settler extraction process f) Recycling the organic phase from the last mixer-settler process back into the C4-process

Abstract: The invention relates to a tackifier dispersion comprising a resinous material and an emulsifier, the emulsifier being obtainable by a method comprising providing an ester of one or more fatty acids containing at least two conjugated double bonds, reacting the ester with a dienophile containing an acid or anhydride group, to form an intermediate product A, and, reacting the intermediate product A with one or more polyalkylene glycols. The invention also relates to a method for the production of a tackifier dispersion, its use as a tackifier, and an adhesive composition comprising the tackifier dispersion. The invention further relates to an emulsifier, a method of producing the same and its use for emulsifying resinous materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing N-alkyl(meth)acrylamides by reacting (meth)acrylic anhydride with corresponding alkylamines.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for reclaiming methacrylic acid from a high-boiler phase in a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid comprising the following steps a) Providing a high-boiler phase from a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid b) Providing an aqueous phase, preferably organically loaded, from a heterogeneously catalysed gas phase oxidation of a C4-compound to methacrylic acid c) Mixing of components a) and b) optionally followed by filtration or centrifugation d) Adding an extraction media to the mixture from c) e) Subjecting the multiple-phase mixture from d) to at least one mixer-settler extraction process f) Recycling the organic phase from the last mixer-settler process back into the C4-process.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicle hybrid drive-train in which, depending on the operating situation, the engine and electric machine either operate individually or together. The engine and the electric machine can be coupled or separated by a clutch. The engine can be started by the electric machine or a separate starting device. To co-ordinate transmission shifts and required engine starts, during a transmission shifting process, if the engine needs to be started, then based on whether the shift is an upshift, a downshift, a traction shift or an overdrive shift and also depending on the type of engine start required, it is first determined whether the shift should be completed, at least partially completed or discontinued before carrying out the start and, based on this determination, measures for continuing, at least partially continuing or discontinuing the shift process are initiated.

Abstract: A method of operating a drive-train of a hybrid vehicle which comprises at least a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, an automatic or automated change-speed transmission connected between the hybrid drive and a drive output, and a clutch connected between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine. When starting the internal combustion engine from a purely electric driving mode, the clutch is initially disengaged. To start the internal combustion engine, the clutch is at least partially engaged and the internal combustion engine is drag-started by the electric machine, and, in parallel with starting the internal combustion engine, a downshift in the transmission is initiated once a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine reaches or exceeds an applicable threshold value.

Abstract: A scalar/vector processor includes a plurality of functional units (252, 260, 262, 264, 266, 268, 270). At least one of the functional units includes a vector section (210) for operating on at least one vector and a scalar section (220) for operating on at least one scalar. The vector section and scalar section of the functional unit co-operate by the scalar section being arranged to provide and/or consume at least one scalar required by and/or supplied by the vector section of the functional unit.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a method for accomplishing sequential logical equivalence verification using a hierarchical piecewise approach. Initially, the method provides a reference semiconductor design and a second semiconductor design with logic edits relative to it. The method submits both to formal verification to check the reference design against the second semiconductor design with all edits disabled 200. The semiconductor design is partitioned 202 and associated input constraints 204. The edits are further grouped 206 and ordered 208. The invention also discovers a set of dependencies of the logic edits 210 and checks that the ordering of groups obeys the dependencies 212. Each group of edits is further submitted to formal verification 214 and any input constraints assumed for any partitions are verified in their enclosing partition 216. Finally, the method reports success if formal verification succeeds on each group of logic edits and on each set of input constraints 218.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display device includes a reflection layer for reflecting at least a portion of incident light, a polarization conversion layer arranged over the reflection layer, and an array of lenticular elements arranged over at least a portion of the polarization conversion layer and including a birefringent material. Light having a first state of polarization is configured to pass through the lenticular element array without substantial lenticular element focusing, where the polarization state is transformed by the polarization conversion layer such that the reflected light has a second state of polarization. Light having the second polarization state passes through the lenticular element array with the lenticular element focusing to provide multiple views to different viewing locations.

Abstract: A low-EMI switched circuit comprises two or more switches, wherein impedance transitions of the switches are overlapped and the overlap is varied using variable switch timing based on an output power level of the switched circuit. The variable timing results in a variable impedance overlap between the switches. In one example, when one switch turns off (begins a low to high impedance transition) and a second switch turns on (begins a high to low impedance transition), a greater timing delay in beginning the second switch's transition results in a higher switch impedance overlap than a shorter delay does. If the variable timing is based on output power of the switched circuit, the variable delay can operate to reduce fly-back voltages at high power output levels and reduce shoot-through current at lower power levels, reducing EMI and quiescent current of the switched circuit.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a method for accomplishing sequential logical equivalence verification using a hierarchical piecewise approach. Initially, the method provides a reference semiconductor design and a second semiconductor design with logic edits relative to it. The method submits both to formal verification to check the reference design against the second semiconductor design with all edits disabled 200. The semiconductor design is partitioned 202 and associated input constraints 204. The edits are further grouped 206 and ordered 208. The invention also discovers a set of dependencies of the logic edits 210 and checks that the ordering of groups obeys the dependencies 212. Each group of edits is further submitted to formal verification 214 and any input constraints assumed for any partitions are verified in their enclosing partition 216. Finally, the method reports success if formal verification succeeds on each group of logic edits and on each set of input constraints 218.

Abstract: A low-EMI switched circuit comprises two or more switches, wherein impedance transitions of the switches are overlapped and the overlap is varied using variable switch timing based on an output power level of the switched circuit. The variable timing results in a variable impedance overlap between the switches. In one example, when one switch turns off (begins a low to high impedance transition) and a second switch turns on (begins a high to low impedance transition), a greater timing delay in beginning the second switch's transition results in a higher switch impedance overlap than a shorter delay does. If the variable timing is based on output power of the switched circuit, the variable delay can operate to reduce fly-back voltages at high power output levels and reduce shoot-through current at lower power levels, reducing EMI and quiescent current of the switched circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data processing device (10) comprising a processing unit (12) and a memory unit (14), and to a method for controlling operation of a memory unit (14) of a data processing device. The memory unit (14) comprises a main memory (16), a low- level cache memory (20.2), which is directly connected to the processing unit (12) and adapted to hold all pixels of a currently active sliding search area for reading access by the processing unit (12), a high-level cache memory (18), which is connected between the low-level cache memory and the frame memory, and a first pre-fetch buffer (20.1), which is connected between the high-level cache memory and the low- level cache memory and which is adapted to hold one search-area column or one search-area line of pixel blocks, depending on the scan direction and scan order followed by the processing unit. Reading and fetching functionalities are decoupled in the memory unit (14).

Abstract: Various apparatuses, methods and systems for switched mode electronic circuits with reduced EMI are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments of the present invention provide apparatuses including a power supply, an output, and a composite switch connected between the power supply and the output. The composite switch includes a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, a switch closing delay line having a plurality of switch closing outputs each connected to a control input of one of the plurality of transistors, and a switch opening delay line having a plurality of switch opening outputs each connected to one of the plurality of switch closing outputs. The switch closing delay line and switch opening delay line are connected in an order that opens the plurality of transistors in a staggered order in time and closes the plurality of transistors in a reverse staggered order in time.

Abstract: An array of data values, such as an image of pixel values, is stored in a main memory (12). A processing operation is performed using the pixel values. The processing operation defines time points of movement of a multidimensional region (20, 22) of locations in the image. Pixel values from inside and around the region are cached for processing. At least when a cache miss occurs for a pixel value from outside the region, cache replacement of data in cache locations (142) is performed. Locations that store pixel data for locations in the image outside the region (20, 22) are selected for replacement, selectively exempting from replacement cache locations (142) that store pixel data locations in the image inside the region. In embodiments, different types of cache structure are used for caching data values inside and outside the region. In an embodiment the cache locations for pixel data inside the regions support a higher level of output parallelism than the cache locations for pixel data around the region.

Abstract: To achieve a shortening of the initial synchronization time and/or extension of the stand-by time with a method of connecting an UMTS mobile radio to a network, the UMTS mobile radio receives and stored in one or more time-limited RF receive windows the signals that are subsequently evaluated when the HF receiver is switched off.

Abstract: Various apparatuses, methods and systems for switched mode electronic circuits with reduced EMI are disclosed herein. For example, some embodiments of the present invention provide apparatuses including a power supply, an output, and a composite switch connected between the power supply and the output. The composite switch includes a plurality of transistors connected in parallel, a switch closing delay line having a plurality of switch closing outputs each connected to a control input of one of the plurality of transistors, and a switch opening delay line having a plurality of switch opening outputs each connected to one of the plurality of switch closing outputs. The switch closing delay line and switch opening delay line are connected in an order that opens the plurality of transistors in a staggered order in time and closes the plurality of transistors in a reverse staggered order in time.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a tertiary effluent treatment process for reducing the phosphate levels in effluent. The process comprises the steps of delivering effluent from a wastewater treatment plant to a primary filter, delivering the filtered effluent to a series of two or more phosphate removal filters, delivering the filtered phosphate-depleted effluent to a treated water tank as treated water, delivering the filtered phosphate-depleted effluent from the treated water tank to a discharge tank as treated water; and, discharging the treated water from the discharge tank as required. Each phosphate removal filter comprises a plurality of polymer-based beads having nano-particles of iron oxide coated thereon. The advantage of using a series of two or more phosphate removal filters is that the process can deliver a final effluent containing specific pre-determined levels of phosphate that may be as low as 0.01 mg/L of effluent, but will in all cases be below 1 mg/L.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display device comprises a reflection layer for reflecting at least a portion of incident light, a polarization conversion layer arranged over the reflection layer, and an array of lenticular elements arranged over at least a portion of the polarization conversion layer and including a birefringent material. Light having a first state of polarization is arranged to pass through the lenticular element array without substantial lenticular element focusing, wherein the polarization state is transformed by the polarization conversion layer such that the reflected light has a second state of polarization arranged to pass through the lenticular element array with lenticular element focusing to provide multiple views.

Abstract: A display device (2) for displaying a scene (104) comprising a shared image component (102) and a private image component (106), wherein the display device is adapted to display a plurality of perspectives of the shared image component and a plurality of views of each of the plurality of perspectives such that a multi-view perspective (P1; P2) of the shared image component is visible at each of a plurality of viewing zones, the display device being further adapted to display the private image component such that it is visible at one or more, but not all of the viewing positions.