Abstract: A measurement process is performed for each of a plurality of locations on a product of a fabrication process at which a parameter of interest characterizing the fabrication process is believed to be nominally the same, to derive measured signals for each location including at least one image. A dimensional reduction method is applied to a dataset of the measured signals, to obtain components of the dataset, including components indicative of variation between the images. For at least one of these components, one or more associated ones of the measured signals are identified, comprising at least one set of corresponding pixels in the respective images for the plurality of locations. The contribution of the identified measured signals in the dataset is reduced or eliminated to obtain a processed signal, and the parameter of interest is obtained from the processed signal.

Abstract: An aerosol-generating article is provided, including: an aerosol-forming substrate; and a taggant including a photoluminescent material having an emission half-life of between 50 microseconds and 1000 microseconds after photoexcitation of the photoluminescent material. An aerosol-generating system including the aerosol-generating article and an aerosol-generating device is also provided. An aerosol-generating device is also provided.

Abstract: A method of designing a target includes obtaining a model of an initial dataset, performing a Bayesian optimization using the model which provides an improved model, and performing an optimization of the target design using the improved model.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of measuring a target on a substrate using a metrology tool comprising an illumination source operable to emit an illumination beam for illuminating the target and a metrology sensor for collecting the scattered radiation having been scattered by the target. The method comprises calculating a target angle based on cell dimensions of a unit cell of said target in a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to said first direction; and order numbers of a selected pair of complementary diffraction orders in said first direction and second direction. At least one pair of measurement acquisitions is performed at a first target orientation and a second target orientation with respect to the illumination beam, wherein said target angle for at least one of said at least one pair of measurement acquisitions is an oblique angle.

Abstract: A method and system for predicting process information (e.g., phase data) using a given input (e.g., intensity) to a parameterized model are described. A latent space of a given input is determined based on dimensional data in a latent space of the parameterized model for a given input to the parameterized model. Further, an optimum latent space is determined by constraining the latent space with prior information (e.g., wavelength) that enables converging to a solution that causes more accurate predictions of the process information. The optimum latent space is used to predict the process information. The given input may be a measured amplitude (e.g., intensity) associated with the complex electric field image. The predicted process information can be complex electric field image having amplitude data and phase data. The parameterized model comprises variational encoder-decoder architecture.

Abstract: An inductive heating arrangement to heat an aerosol-forming substrate is provided, including: a DC power source and power supply electronics including a DC/AC inverter connected to the power source, the inverter including a resonant switching power amplifier with a transistor switch, a transistor switch driver circuit associated with the switch and an LC load network including a capacitor and an inductor to generate an alternating magnetic field, the driver circuit including a tunable oscillator to output a switching signal to the switch having a tunable switching frequency; a current sensor to determine a DC supply current drawn from the power source; and a controller to receive a current signal from the sensor indicative of the supply current and to tune the frequency of the switching signal in response to the received current signal in order to tune the supply current to be in a predetermined range.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a pumping system that is part of a pumping station in operational service, the pumping system including a pump, a motor driving the pump, and a pipe for discharging fluid by the pump, where the method includes at least the steps of measuring physical values that characterize the operational characteristics of the pumping system including hydraulic values characteristic of the state of the pump discharge pipe, analyzing and interpreting the measured physical values to detect one or more anomalies, pre-diagnosing probable causes of the detected anomalies, determining preventive and curative actions to apply to the pumping system, and automatically implementing the preventive and curative actions.

Abstract: A method for analyzing secondary ion mass spectrum data representing respective secondary ion counts for a range of masses at a given mass resolution. The mass spectrum data is obtained by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, SIMS. Automatic quantification of the ion species and/or cluster ions detected in the analyzed spectrum data is provided.

Abstract: A method and system for predicting complex electric field images with a parameterized model are described. A latent space representation of a complex electric field image is determined based on dimensional data in a latent space of the parameterized model for a given input to the parameterized model. The given input may be a measured amplitude (e.g., intensity) associated with the complex electric field image. The complex electric field image is predicted based on the latent space representation of the complex electric field image. The predicted complex electric field image includes an amplitude and a phase. The parameterized model comprises encoder-decoder architecture. In some embodiments, determining the latent space representation of the electric field image comprises minimizing a function constrained by a set of electric field images that could be predicted by the parameterized model based on the dimensional data in the latent space and the given input.

Abstract: A method for analyzing secondary ion mass spectrum data representing respective secondary ion counts for a range of masses at a given mass resolution. The mass spectrum data is obtained by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, SIMS. Automatic quantification of the ion species and/or cluster ions detected in the analyzed spectrum data is provided.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a pumping system, that is part of a pumping station, in operational service, the pumping system including a pump, a motor driving the pump, and a pipe for discharging fluid by the pump. The method includes at least the following steps:—measurement of physical values, operational characteristics of the pumping system, including hydraulic values that are characteristic of the state of the pump discharge pipe; —analysis and interpretation of the measured physical values with the aim of detecting one or more anomalies;—pre-diagnosis of the probable causes of the detected anomalies and determination of the preventive and curative actions to take on the pumping system; automatic implementation of the preventive and curative actions on the pumping system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a torque support for a valve lock (5) in order to prevent a rotation of the lock with respect to the valve (1), wherein a connection housing (8) adjoins the valve lock and at least one boom (9, 9a) carried by the connection housing rests against the valve housing in the pivoted-out end position. Similarly, the torque support can also be connected to the valve housing and the boom can rest against the connection housing, or the connection housing is integrated in the valve lock.

Abstract: The invention relates to a torque support for a valve lock (5) in order to prevent a rotation of the lock with respect to the valve (1), wherein a connection housing (8) adjoins the valve lock and at least one boom (9, 9a) carried by the connection housing rests against the valve housing in the pivoted-out end position. Similarly, the torque support can also be connected to the valve housing and the boom can rest against the connection housing, or the connection housing is integrated in the valve lock.

Abstract: The machine includes a fixed disk (2) comprising a spiral wall (3), a mobile disk (4) also comprising a spiral wall (5) cooperating with that of the fixed disk, and means (11, 16, 22, 23) for driving circular translation movement of the mobile disk, the mobile disk being positioned axially by a system including a shoe (25, 32, 36) rubbing between two lateral abutments (26, 27-34, 35-39, 40), one member of the pair of members (i.e.

Abstract: A scroll type machine including a fixed disk (5) comprising a spiral working wall (6) and a mobile disk (7) equally comprising a spiral working wall (8) cooperating with that of the fixed disk, means for driving circular translation movement of the mobile disk, a sealing bellows (15) joined at one end to a member (14) fixed with respect to the circular translation movement of the mobile disk (7) and at its other end to a fixed part (1C) of the machine, said bellows (15) separating the fluid circuit from the mechanical parts driving the mobile disk, characterized in that the fixed disk (5) is joined on the side opposite the mobile disk (7) to a fixed central shaft (10) including a discharge passage (11), said central shaft being surrounded by said bellows (15), the space (16) between said bellows and said fixed central shaft constituting a suction passage, in that a hollow main rotary shaft (19) surrounds said bellows (15) and is carried by at least one bearing (23, 24-32) in a fixed frame (1), one end of said

Abstract: An evolutive coding process using a pseudo-random discontinuous function for coding remote controls, such as for automobiles. A message containing at least two pseudo-random values calculated by the pseudo-random discontinuous function is transmitted. Preferably the pseudo-random values are successive values of the pseudo-random discontinuous function, and the message optionally includes a code derived as a function of a specific base code associated with the system. The general preferred form of complete code message may take the form T(C) plus FA(C,n-1), plus FA(C,n) where T is a continuous function and FA is a pseudo-random discontinuous function.

Abstract: An infrared transmitter of coded message is provided having a fixed code and large number of combinations particularly but not solely for use in the automobile industry.The transmitter comprises a series programmable electronic memory (1), the content of which is addressed by a pulse transmitter (2), an oscillator or timer, the content of the memory (1) being supplied to a pulse generator (3) supplying an amplifier (4), the output of which is transmitted to a transmitter diode (5), the content of the memory (1) being supplied, in addition, to an end of message blocking device (6) controlling the reading pulse transmitter (2).