Abstract: A fuel injector for delivering fuel to an engine in which a housing of the injector has an internal fuel chamber and at least one exhaust port in fluid communication with the fuel chamber. A valve member is moveable relative to the housing between a closed position in which fuel within the fuel chamber is inhibited against exhaustion from the housing, and an open position in which fuel is exhaustable from the housing. An ultrasonic waveguide is separate from the housing and valve member, with substantially the entire ultrasonic waveguide disposed within the fuel chamber to ultrasonically excite fuel within the fuel chamber prior to the fuel exiting through the at least one exhaust port in the open position of the valve member. An excitation device is operable in the open position of the valve member to ultrasonically excite the ultrasonic waveguide.

Abstract: In a process for dyeing a textile web, dye is applied directly to a first face of the textile web other than by saturating the web. The web is moved in an open configuration thereof over a contact surface of an ultrasonic vibration system with a second (opposite) face of the textile web in direct contact with the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system and the first face free from contact with the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system. The ultrasonic vibration system is operated to impart ultrasonic energy to the second face of the textile web to facilitate movement of the dye from the first face of the web into and through the web to the second face thereof. In another embodiment, dye is applied to the first face of the textile web without applying the dye to the second face of the web.

Abstract: In a system and process for ultrasonically treating a liquid having a thermal conductivity, an elongate treatment chamber housing has an inlet and an outlet such that liquid flows longitudinally through an interior space of the chamber from the inlet to the outlet. At least part of the interior space of the chamber housing is filled with a bed of particles having a thermal conductivity substantially greater than that of the liquid whereby a ratio of the thermal conductivity of the particles to the thermal conductivity of the liquid is in the range of about 2:1 to about 400:1. An elongate ultrasonic waveguide assembly extends longitudinally within the interior space of the housing and is operable at a predetermined ultrasonic frequency to generate mechanical ultrasonic vibration within the housing in direct contact with the liquid flowing therein as the liquid flows through the bed of particles.

Abstract: In a process for dyeing a textile web having a first face and a second face opposite the first face, dye is applied to the textile web and the web is then moved in an open configuration thereof over a contact surface of an ultrasonic vibration system with the textile web in direct contact with the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system. The ultrasonic vibration system is operated to impart ultrasonic energy to the textile web to facilitate the distribution of dye throughout the web. The web is then moved further in its open configuration through a microwave application chamber of a microwave system and the microwave system is operated to impart microwave energy to the web in the microwave application chamber to facilitate binding of the dye to the web.

Abstract: In a process for dyeing a textile web having a first face and a second face opposite the first face, dye is applied to the textile web and the dyed web is then immersed in a flowing treatment liquid with the textile web in a generally open configuration. A contact surface of an ultrasonic vibration system is immersed in the flowing treatment liquid with the contact surface in direct contact with at least a portion of the textile web immersed in the treatment liquid. The ultrasonic vibration system is operated to impart ultrasonic energy to the portion of the textile web immersed in the treatment liquid at the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system to facilitate the removal of unbound dye from the textile web for entrainment in the flow of treatment liquid.

Abstract: In a process for dyeing a textile web having a first face and a second face opposite the first face, a solvent-based dye having at least one component that has a thermal conductivity substantially greater than that of the solvent is applied to the textile web. The web is then moved, in an open configuration thereof, over a contact surface of an ultrasonic vibration system with the textile web in direct contact with the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system. The ultrasonic vibration system is operated to impart ultrasonic energy to the textile web at the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system. In one embodiment, the dye is applied to the first face of the web and the web is then moved over the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system with the second face of the web in direct contact with the contact surface.

Abstract: An ultrasonic treatment chamber and a process for ultrasonically treating a liquid in an ultrasonic treatment chamber include an elongate, generally tubular housing having an inlet and an outlet spaced longitudinally from the inlet. Liquid is directed into the housing at the housing inlet for longitudinal flow within the housing to the housing outlet. Mechanical ultrasonic vibration is generated within the housing in direct contact with the liquid flowing within the housing, with the direct contact being upstream of the housing outlet. A standing acoustic wave is produced within the housing with the standing acoustic wave having a node spaced longitudinally from the housing outlet.

Abstract: In a process for dyeing a textile web having a first face and a second face opposite the first face, dye is applied to the textile web and the web is then moved in an open configuration thereof over a contact surface of an ultrasonic vibration system with the textile web in direct contact with the contact surface of the ultrasonic vibration system. The ultrasonic vibration system is operated to impart ultrasonic energy to the textile web to facilitate the distribution of dye throughout the web. The web is then moved further in its open configuration through a microwave application chamber of a microwave system and the microwave system is operated to impart microwave energy to the web in the microwave application chamber to facilitate binding of the dye to the web.

Abstract: An ultrasonic liquid treatment chamber has an elongate housing through which liquid flows longitudinally from an inlet port to an outlet port thereof. An elongate ultrasonic waveguide assembly extends within the housing and is operable at a predetermined ultrasonic frequency to ultrasonically energize liquid within the housing. An elongate ultrasonic horn of the waveguide assembly is disposed at least in part intermediate the inlet and outlet ports, and has a plurality of discrete agitating members in contact with and extending transversely outward from the horn intermediate the inlet and outlet ports in longitudinally spaced relationship with each other. The horn and agitating members are constructed and arranged for dynamic motion of the agitating members relative to the horn at the predetermined frequency and to operate in an ultrasonic cavitation mode of the agitating members corresponding to the predetermined frequency and the liquid being treated in the chamber.

Abstract: Novel ultrasonic treatment systems for separating compounds in an aqueous effluent and processes for using the ultrasonic treatment systems are disclosed. More particularly, the ultrasonic treatment systems use ultrasonic energy to energize adsorbent to provide efficient and effective removal of compounds from aqueous effluents, such as textile effluents.

Abstract: Delivery systems for incorporating functional compounds into substrates for use in various consumer products are disclosed. Specifically, the delivery system includes a carrier component comprising an ultrasonically energized adsorbent and one or more functional compounds. The ultrasonically energized adsorbent can adsorb the desired functional compounds and bind the functional compounds to the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for forming a bonded web comprised at least in part of a polyester, a first material web and a second material web are arranged in opposed relationship with each other at least along those portions of the first and second material webs to be bonded together. At least one of the first and second material webs is comprised at least in part of the polyester. The opposed webs are transported in a machine direction to the nip of a bonding apparatus comprised of a first bonding member and a second bonding member defining the nip therebetween for passage of the opposed first and second material webs therebetween in the machine direction. A shear force is applied to the webs generally in the machine direction at the nip and the webs are mechanically bonded together at the nip while the shear force is applied to webs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (20) for ultrasonic bonding or other processing can include a rotatable ultrasonic horn member (28) and a rotatable axle member (34). The axle member is operatively joined to the horn member (28), and can provide a node plane (38). An isolation member (42) can be operatively joined to the axle member (34), and may have a location that is operatively proximate the node plane (38) of the axle member (34). In a particular aspect, the isolation member (42) can exhibit high rigidity. In a further feature, the isolation member (42) is capable of bending under a horn-life range of sonic frequencies to provide an operative component of motion along a radial direction (102), and an operative component of motion along an axial direction (100) of the isolation member.

Abstract: A method of making a prefastened disposable absorbent article includes providing a continuous web of interconnected absorbent articles and releasably attaching a pair of opposed side panels to one of the waist regions on each of the absorbent articles. Each of the opposed side panels includes a primary fastener which releasably engages the one waist region to provide the releasable attachment. Each of the side panels also defines side portions which extend laterally outward beyond the side edges of the absorbent article in the one waist region. The continuous web is selectively cut into discrete absorbent articles which are then folded about a fold line extending in a lateral direction through the crotch region of the article thereby positioning the waist regions of the article in a facing relationship. The method further includes securing the side portions of the side panels to the side edges of the absorbent article in the opposite waist region to provide the prefastened absorbent article.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved fastening tape for use on a disposable absorbent garment. The fastening tape comprises a first substrate and an interlocking material attached to said first substrate. The interlocking material extends the entire width of the fastening tape, and the interlocking material is longitudinally spaced from both transverse edges of the fastening tape. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing the fastening tape. The process involves providing a continuous length of an interlocking material having a width and traveling in a first direction. The interlocking material is attached to a first substrate to form a composite. The composite is then cut along a second direction to form fastening tapes suitable for attachment on a disposable absorbent garment. The second direction is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An ultrasonic processing method and apparatus (20) can include a rotatable, ultrasonic horn member (28) that is operatively joined to an isolation member (42) which has high rigidity. Additionally, a rotatable anvil member (86) can be cooperatively positioned to provide a selected horn-anvil gap (106) between the anvil member (86) and the horn member (28). A transfer device (110) can be configured to selectively adjust the horn-anvil gap (106), and an automated drive (130) can be operatively connected to the transfer device (110) to selectively modify the horn-anvil gap (106). A force sensor (126) can be configured to detect a gap force at the horn-anvil gap (106), and an electronic processor (128) can be configured to employ an output from the force sensor (126) to monitor the gap force, and provide a drive signal to the automated drive (130) to thereby adjust the horn-anvil gap (106).

Abstract: A method and apparatus (20) for ultrasonic bonding or other processing can include a rotatable ultrasonic horn member (28) having a first axial side (30) and a second axial side (32). The first axial side (30) of the horn member (28) can be operatively joined to a first rotatable axle member (34), and the first axle member (34) can be operatively joined to a first isolation member (42). The second axial side (32) of the horn member (28) can be operatively joined to a second rotatable axle member (36), and the second axle member (36) can be operatively joined to a second isolation member (44). The isolation members (42, 44) are capable of bending under a horn-life range of sonic frequencies to provide an operative component of motion along a radial direction (102) of each isolation member (42, 44), and an operative component of motion along an axial direction (100) of each isolation member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (20) for ultrasonic bonding or other processing can include a rotatable ultrasonic horn member (28) having a first axial side (30) and a second axial side (32). The first axial side (30) of the horn member (28) can be operatively joined to a first rotatable axle member (34), and the first axle member (34) can be operatively joined to a first isolation member (42). The second axial side (32) of the horn member (28) can be operatively joined to a second rotatable axle member (36), and the second axle member (36) can be operatively joined to a second isolation member (44). The isolation members (42, 44) are capable of bending under a horn-life range of sonic frequencies to provide an operative component of motion along a radial direction (102) of each isolation member (42, 44), and an operative component of motion along an axial direction (100) of each isolation member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (20) for ultrasonic bonding or other processing can include a rotatable ultrasonic horn member (28) and a rotatable axle member (34). The axle member is operatively joined to the horn member (28), and can provide a node plane (38). An isolation member (42) can be operatively joined to the axle member (34), and may have a location that is operatively proximate the node plane (38) of the axle member (34). In a particular aspect, the isolation member (42) can exhibit high rigidity. In a further feature, the isolation member (42) is capable of bending under a horn-life range of sonic frequencies to provide an operative component of motion along a radial direction (102), and an operative component of motion along an axial direction (100) of the isolation member.

Abstract: An ultrasonic processing method and apparatus (20) can include a rotatable, ultrasonic horn member (28) that is operatively joined to an isolation member (42) which has high rigidity. Additionally, a rotatable anvil member (86) can be cooperatively positioned to provide a selected horn-anvil gap (106) between the anvil member (86) and the horn member (28). A transfer device (110) can be configured to selectively adjust the horn-anvil gap (106), and an automated drive (130) can be operatively connected to the transfer device (110) to selectively modify the horn-anvil gap (106). A force sensor (126) can be configured to detect a gap force at the horn-anvil gap (106), and an electronic processor (128) can be configured to employ an output from the force sensor (126) to monitor the gap force, and provide a drive signal to the automated drive (130) to thereby adjust the horn-anvil gap (106).