Abstract: A process of using a fish plasma component in a nutrient medium for cell culture includes obtaining a fish that is a progeny of domesticated broodstock that are reared under consistent and reproducible conditions. Blood is obtained from the fish, and plasma is separated from the blood. One or more specific components of the plasma are then extracted, and cells are cultured in a nutrient medium using the one or more extracted plasma components, and none of any remainder of the plasma. The plasma and/or the plasma components is/are tested for presence and/or level of endotoxin. Extracting the one or more specific components of the plasma, and/or culturing the cells is only performed if the testing indicates an endotoxin level below a predetermined threshold. The cells cultured using the extracted one or more plasma components are other than fish cells.

Abstract: A process of using a fish plasma component in a nutrient medium for cell culture includes obtaining a fish that is a progeny of domesticated broodstock that are reared under consistent and reproducible conditions. Blood is obtained from the fish, and plasma is separated from the blood. One or more specific components of the plasma are then extracted, and cells are cultured in a nutrient medium using the one or more extracted plasma components, and none of any remainder of the plasma. The plasma and/or the plasma components is/are tested for presence and/or level of endotoxin. Extracting the one or more specific components of the plasma, and/or culturing the cells is only performed if the testing indicates an endotoxin level below a predetermined threshold. The cells cultured using the extracted one or more plasma components are other than fish cells.

Abstract: This invention provides gels and matrices having a rigidity in the range of 150-750 Pa, methods of manufacturing same, and method of preserving a mesenchymal stem cell population or studying mesenchymal stem cells, comprising same.

Abstract: A method of alleviating central nervous system-mediated pain includes applying salmon thrombin at a neural injury site. Applying salmon thrombin can include applying a gel that includes salmon thrombin. The gel can also include fibrinogen, for example, salmon fibrinogen, human fibrinogen, or bovine fibrinogen. The salmon thrombin can be obtained from salmon plasma, or using recombinant technology, or by fractionation. A pain relief substance includes a gel that includes salmon thrombin.

Abstract: Provided are methods of using gelsolin and active fragments thereof to neutralize, treat or prevent the pathogenic effects of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) toxins released from gram-positive bacteria, including massive activation of inflammatory response in a patient and the resulting lethal septic shock. The provided gelsolin binds to and neutralizes LTA from various bacteria, as well as eukaryotic acidic lysolipids adversely associated with bacterial sepsis and inflammation in the patient, with high affinity, thereby decreasing circulating LTA and the eukaryotic markers, and negating the deleterious biological effects of the gram-positive bacterial infection. Consequently, the provided gelsolin replacement therapy offers a method and compositions for the prevention of bacterial sepsis-induced mortality in the patient.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions, methods of making antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of using antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A method for preparing a haemostatic and adhesive durable scaffold useful for promoting wound healing, and the scaffold so prepared, are provided. The scaffold made of fibrinogen and chitosan is produced by electrospinning techniques, resulting in a material with enhanced endurance, applicable in various medical purposes including surgery, tissue regeneration, burns, injuries, and the like. The scaffold is produced in the absence of biocatalysts, in particular thrombin.

Abstract: A wound dressing includes a backing material, and thrombin, applied to the backing material. Preferably, the backing material includes biodegradable polyester, such as electrospun polycaprolactone. The thrombin preferably includes salmon thrombin adsorbed onto the backing material. A process of fabricating a wound dressing includes applying thrombin to the backing material. Preferably, the thrombin is prepared from the plasma of a salmonid. The thrombin is applied to the backing material by adsorbing the thrombin onto the backing material, preferably after applying a detergent solution to the backing material. The dressing can be lyophilized and vacuum-sealed within an air-tight wrapping.

Abstract: A method of alleviating pain associated with tissue damage includes applying salmon thrombin at a tissue damage site, as a single substance in liquid form, or as a powder, a foam, and/or a gel that includes salmon thrombin. A pain relief substance includes a salmon thrombin preparation.

Abstract: A haemostatic and adhesive durable scaffold useful for promoting wound healing is provided. A scaffold made of fibrinogen and chitosan is produced by electrospinning techniques, resulting in a material with enhanced endurance, applicable in various medical purposes including surgery, tissue regeneration, burns, injuries, etc. Scaffold is produced in the absence of biocatalysts, in particular thrombin.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions, methods of making antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of using antimicrobial cationic steroid pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to measuring stiffness of a biological sample Specifically, the invention relates to a milliprobe indentation device that comprises a force probe and a micromanipulator and uses thereof for measuring stiffness of biological samples

Abstract: A method of alleviating pain associated with tissue damage includes applying salmon thrombin at a tissue damage site, as a single substance in liquid form, or as a powder, a foam, and/or a gel that includes salmon thrombin. A pain relief substance includes a salmon thrombin preparation.

Abstract: This invention provides gels and matrices having a rigidity in the range of 150-750 Pa, methods of manufacturing same, and method of preserving a mesenchymal stem cell population or studying mesenchymal stem cells, comprising same.

Abstract: A method of alleviating central nervous system-mediated pain includes applying salmon thrombin at a neural injury site. Applying salmon thrombin can include applying a gel that includes salmon thrombin. The gel can also include fibrinogen, for example, salmon fibrinogen, human fibrinogen, or bovine fibrinogen. The salmon thrombin can be obtained from salmon plasma, or using recombinant technology, or by fractionation. A pain relief substance includes a gel that includes salmon thrombin.

Abstract: Provided are methods of using gelsolin and active fragments thereof to neutralize, treat or prevent the pathogenic effects of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) toxins released from gram-positive bacteria, including massive activation of inflammatory response in a patient and the resulting lethal septic shock. The provided gelsolin binds to and neutralizes LTA from various bacteria, as well as eukaryotic acidic lysolipids adversely associated with bacterial sepsis and inflammation in the patient, with high affinity, thereby decreasing circulating LTA and the eukaryotic markers, and negating the deleterious biological effects of the gram-positive bacterial infection. Consequently, the provided gelsolin replacement therapy offers a method and compositions for the prevention of bacterial sepsis-induced mortality in the patient.

Abstract: Provided are methods of using gelsolin and active fragments thereof to neutralize, treat or prevent the pathogenic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxins released from gram-negative bacteria, including massive activation of inflammatory response in a patient and the resulting lethal septic shock. The provided gelsolin binds LPS from various bacteria with high affinity, decreasing circulating LPS and neutralizes its deleterious biological effects. Consequently, the provided gelsolin replacement therapy offers a method for the prevention of LPS-induced mortality in the patient.

Abstract: A process of using a fish plasma component for tissue engineering includes obtaining a fish that is a progeny of domesticated broodstock that are reared under consistent and reproducible conditions. Blood is obtained from the fish. Plasma is separated from the blood. One or more specific components of the plasma are extracted. Tissue is engineered using the one or more extracted plasma components, and none of any remainder of the plasma.

Abstract: A tissue culture substrate for culturing mammalian stem cell tissue includes one or more specific fish plasma fractions, isolated from any plasma remainder, in a nutrient medium. The plasma fractions are extracted from plasma obtained from the blood of one or more fish that are progeny of domesticated broodstock reared under consistent and reproducible conditions.

Abstract: A process of using a fish plasma component as a nutrient medium component for tissue culture includes obtaining blood from a fish that is a progeny of domesticated broodstock that are reared under consistent and reproducible conditions, separating plasma from the blood, and extracting one or more specific components of the plasma. The tissue is cultured using the extracted plasma components, and none of any remainder of the plasma, in a nutrient medium. The tissue cultured using the extracted plasma component is other than fish tissue, such as mammalian tissue or insect tissue.