Abstract: Integrated circuit dies, apparatuses, systems, and techniques, are described herein related to low and ultra-low threshold voltage transistor cells. A first transistor cell includes separate semiconductor bodies contacted by separate gate electrodes having a dielectric material therebetween. A second transistor cell includes separate semiconductor bodies contacted by a shared gate electrode that couples to both semiconductor bodies. Transistors of the second transistor cell may be operated at a lower threshold voltage than those of the first transistor cell due to increased strain on the semiconductor bodies from the shared gate electrode.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include a semiconductor device. In an embodiment, the semiconductor device comprises a substrate and a transistor over the substrate. In an embodiment, the transistor comprises a source, a gate, and a drain. In an embodiment, the semiconductor device further comprises a first metal layer above the transistor, where the first metal layer comprises, a source metal coupled to the source, a drain metal coupled to the drain, and a gate metal coupled to the gate. In an embodiment, the source metal, the drain metal, and the gate metal are parallel conductive lines. In an embodiment, a backside via passes through the substrate, and a contact metal in the first metal layer is coupled to the backside via. In an embodiment, the contact metal is oriented orthogonal to the source metal.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A varactor is described that may be constructed in CMOS and has a high tuning range. In some embodiments, the varactor includes a well, a plurality of gates formed over the well and having a capacitive connection to the well, the gates comprising a first subset of the gates that are adjacent and consecutive and coupled to a positive pole of an excitation oscillation signal, and a second subset of the gates that are adjacent and consecutive and coupled to a negative pole of the excitation oscillation signal, and a plurality of source/drain terminals formed over the well and having an ohmic connection to the well, each coupled to a respective gate to receive a control voltage to control the capacitance of the varactor.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: A varactor is described that may be constructed in CMOS and has a high tuning range. In some embodiments, the varactor includes a well, a plurality of gates formed over the well and having a capacitive connection to the well, the gates comprising a first subset of the gates that are adjacent and consecutive and coupled to a positive pole of an excitation oscillation signal, and a second subset of the gates that are adjacent and consecutive and coupled to a negative pole of the excitation oscillation signal, and a plurality of source/drain terminals formed over the well and having an ohmic connection to the well, each coupled to a respective gate to receive a control voltage to control the capacitance of the varactor.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: A method including forming an opening in a junction region of a fin on and extending from a substrate; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the opening; and thermal processing the doped semiconductor material. A method including forming a gate electrode on a fin extending from a substrate; forming openings in the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode; introducing a doped semiconductor material in the openings; and thermally processing the doped semiconductor material sufficient to induce the diffusion of a dopant in the doped semiconductor material. An apparatus including a gate electrode transversing a fin extending from a substrate; and semiconductor material filled openings in junction regions of the fin adjacent opposite sides of the gate electrode, wherein the semiconductor material comprises a dopant.

Abstract: Complementary metal oxide semiconductor transistors are formed on a silicon substrate. The substrate has a {100} crystallographic orientation. The transistors are formed on the substrate so that current flows in the channels of the transistors are parallel to the <100> direction. Additionally, longitudinal tensile stress is applied to the channels.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: In some embodiments, semiconductor fabrication process charging protection is provided by coupling a first diode protection device to a high voltage node and coupling a second diode protection device to the first diode protection device at a second node. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.

Abstract: Microelectronic structures embodying the present invention include a field effect transistor (FET) having highly conductive source/drain extensions. Formation of such highly conductive source/drain extensions includes forming a passivated recess which is back filled by epitaxial deposition of doped material to form the source/drain junctions. The recesses include a laterally extending region that underlies a portion of the gate structure. Such a lateral extension may underlie a sidewall spacer adjacent to the vertical sidewalls of the gate electrode, or may extend further into the channel portion of a FET such that the lateral recess underlies the gate electrode portion of the gate structure. In one embodiment the recess is back filled by an in-situ epitaxial deposition of a bilayer of oppositely doped material. In this way, a very abrupt junction is achieved that provides a relatively low resistance source/drain extension and further provides good off-state subthreshold leakage characteristics.