Abstract: In various embodiments a light emitting fiber is provided as well as articles of manufacture comprising one or more light emitting fibers. In certain embodiments the light emitting fiber comprises a conductive carbon nanotube fiber; an emissive layer surrounding the carbon nanotube fiber; and a conductive outer layer disposed outside the emissive layer. In certain embodiments the light emitting fiber comprises a hole transport layer disposed between the carbon nanotube fiber and the emissive layer. In certain embodiments the light emitting fiber comprise a hole injection layer disposed between the nanotube fiber and the hole transport layer. In certain embodiments the light emitting fiber comprises an electron transport layer and, optionally an electron injection layer.

Abstract: An indium-containing quantum dot including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: In1-xMxA ??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, M is aluminum, gallium, yttrium, or scandium, A is nitrogen, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, or a combination thereof, and X is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1, wherein the indium-containing quantum dot includes fluorine and oxygen to bonded to a surface of the indium-containing quantum dot, wherein an amount of the fluorine is greater than or equal to about 10 atomic percent based on a total number of indium atoms in the indium-containing quantum dot as determined by Rutherford backscattering analysis, and wherein an amount of the oxygen is about 5 atomic percent to about 50 atomic percent based on the total number of indium atoms included in the quantum dot as determined by Rutherford backscattering analysis.

Abstract: A light converting nanoparticle represented by Chemical Formula 1, AXx??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, A comprises an alkaline metal element, an alkaline-earth metal element, or a combination thereof, X comprises a halogen element, and x is 1 or 2 and is selected such that Chemical Formula 1 is electrically neutral, and a dopant substituted for a portion of A, wherein the dopant comprises Tl+, In+, Pb2+, Bi3+, Ag+, Cu+, Eu2+, Mn2+, or a combination thereof, wherein a content of the dopant is less than 15 mole percent, based on a total moles of A, wherein the light converting nanoparticle has a particle diameter of less than or equal to about 100 nanometers, and the light converting nanoparticle has a structure, cubic structure, an orthorhombic structure, a rhombic dodecahedron structure, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst comprising an intermetallic compound comprising following steps: (a) Dissolving a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and Yb in liquid ammonia, (b) Adding nanoparticles comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and Ru or a halide of at least one of these metals and an inorganic salt to the solution obtained in step (a), (c) Removing the liquid ammonia, (d) Annealing the mixture of step (c) at a temperature in the range between 200° C. and the melting temperature of the intermetallic compound wherein the intermetallic compound is formed, (e) Washing the intermetallic compound achieved in step (d). The invention further relates to a catalyst obtained by the process.

Abstract: A light converting nanoparticle represented by Chemical Formula 1, AXx ??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, A comprises an alkaline metal element, an alkaline-earth metal element, or a combination thereof, X comprises a halogen element, and x is 1 or 2 and is selected such that Chemical Formula 1 is electrically neutral, and a dopant substituted for a portion of A, wherein the dopant comprises Tl+, In+, Pb2+, Bi3+, Ag+, Cu+, Eu2+, Mn2+, or a combination thereof, wherein a content of the dopant is less than 15 mole percent, based on a total moles of A, wherein the light converting nanoparticle has a particle diameter of less than or equal to about 100 nanometers, and the light converting nanoparticle has a structure, cubic structure, an orthorhombic structure, a rhombic dodecahedron structure, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to photodetectors. In one aspect, a photodetector device comprises a substrate, a polycrystalline layer disposed on the substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the polycrystalline layer. The polycrystalline layer comprises nanograins with grain boundaries between the nanograins. The nanograins comprise a semiconductor material. A doping element comprising a halogen is segregated at the grain boundaries. A length of the polycrystalline layer is between and separating the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: Nanoscale stress-sensing can be used across fields ranging from detection of incipient cracks in structural mechanics to monitoring forces in biological tissues. We demonstrate how tetrapod quantum dots (tQDs) embedded in block-copolymers act as sensors of tensile/compressive stress. Remarkably, tQDs can detect their own composite dispersion and mechanical properties, with a switch in optomechanical response when tQDs are in direct contact. Using experimental characterizations, atomistic simulations and finite-element analyses, we show that under tensile stress, densely-packed tQDs exhibit a photoluminescence peak shifted to higher energies (“blue-shift”) due to volumetric compressive stress in their core; loosely-packed tQDs exhibit a peak shifted to lower energies (“red-shift”) from tensile stress in the core. The stress-shifts result from the tQD's unique branched morphology in which the CdS arms act as antennas that amplify the stress in the CdSe core.

Abstract: An indium-containing quantum dot including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: In1-xMxA ??Chemical Formula 1 wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, M is aluminum, gallium, yttrium, or scandium, A is nitrogen, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, or a combination thereof, and X is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1, wherein the indium-containing quantum dot includes fluorine and oxygen to bonded to a surface of the indium-containing quantum dot, wherein an amount of the fluorine is greater than or equal to about 10 atomic percent based on a total number of indium atoms in the indium-containing quantum dot as determined by Rutherford backscattering analysis, and wherein an amount of the oxygen is about 5 atomic percent to about 50 atomic percent based on the total number of indium atoms included in the quantum dot as determined by Rutherford backscattering analysis.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal compound and probe are described. The compound is capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. The compound comprises (1) one or more semiconductor nanocrystals capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy, and (2) one or more linking agents, having a first portion linked to the one or more semiconductor nanocrystals and a second portion capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. One or more semiconductor nanocrystal compounds are linked to one or more affinity molecules to form a semiconductor nanocrystal probe capable of bonding with one or more detectable substances in a material being analyzed, and capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy. Also described are processes for respectively: making the semiconductor nanocrystal compound; making the semiconductor nanocrystal probe; and treating materials with the probe.

Abstract: A multicolor electronic display is based on an array of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanocrystals which emit tight of different colors are grouped into pixels. The nanocrystals are optically pumped to produce a multicolor display. Different sized nanocrystals are used to produce the different colors. A variety of pixel addressing systems can be used.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to photodetectors. In one aspect, a photodetector device comprises a substrate, a polycrystalline layer disposed on the substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the polycrystalline layer. The polycrystalline layer comprises nanograins with grain boundaries between the nanograins. The nanograins comprise a semiconductor material. A doping element comprising a halogen is segregated at the grain boundaries. A length of the polycrystalline layer is between and separating the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal compound and probe are described. The compound is capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. The compound comprises (1) one or more semiconductor nanocrystals capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy, and (2) one or more linking agents, having a first portion linked to the one or more semiconductor nanocrystals and a second portion capable of linking to one or more affinity molecules. One or more semiconductor nanocrystal compounds are linked to one or more affinity molecules to form a semiconductor nanocrystal probe capable of bonding with one or more detectable substances in a material being analyzed, and capable of, in response to exposure to a first energy, providing a second energy. Also described are processes for respectively: making the semiconductor nanocrystal compound; making the semiconductor nanocrystal probe; and treating materials with the probe.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to liquid flow cells for microscopy. In one aspect, a device includes a substrate having a first and a second oxide layer disposed on surfaces of the substrate. A first and a second nitride layer are disposed on the first and second oxide layers, respectively. A cavity is defined in the first oxide layer, the first nitride layer, and the substrate, with the cavity including a third nitride layer disposed on walls of the substrate and the second oxide layer that define the cavity. A channel is defined in the second oxide layer. An inlet port and an outlet port are defined in the second nitride layer and in fluid communication with the channel. A plurality of viewports is defined in the second nitride layer. A first graphene sheet is disposed on the second nitride layer covering the plurality of viewports.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices related to transmission electron microscopy cells for use with liquids. In one aspect a device includes a substrate, a first graphene layer, and a second graphene layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface defines a first channel, a second channel, and an outlet channel. The first channel and the second channel are joined to the outlet channel. The outlet channel defines a viewport region forming a though hole in the substrate. The first graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including an interior area of the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel. The second graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including open regions defined by the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel.

Abstract: A multicolor electronic display is based on an array of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanocrystals which emit tight of different colors are grouped into pixels. The nanocrystals are optically pumped to produce a multicolor display. Different sized nanocrystals are used to produce the different colors. A variety of pixel addressing systems can be used.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to liquid flow cells for microscopy. In one aspect, a device includes a substrate having a first and a second oxide layer disposed on surfaces of the substrate. A first and a second nitride layer are disposed on the first and second oxide layers, respectively. A cavity is defined in the first oxide layer, the first nitride layer, and the substrate, with the cavity including a third nitride layer disposed on walls of the substrate and the second oxide layer that define the cavity. A channel is defined in the second oxide layer. An inlet port and an outlet port are defined in the second nitride layer and in fluid communication with the channel. A plurality of viewports is defined in the second nitride layer. A first graphene sheet is disposed on the second nitride layer covering the plurality of viewports.

Abstract: A multicolor electronic display is based on an array of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanocrystals which emit tight of different colors are grouped into pixels. The nanocrystals are optically pumped to produce a multicolor display. Different sized nanocrystals are used to produce the different colors. A variety of pixel addressing systems can be used.

Abstract: A multicolor electronic display is based on an array of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanocrystals which emit tight of different colors are grouped into pixels. The nanocrystals are optically pumped to produce a multicolor display. Different sized nanocrystals are used to produce the different colors. A variety of pixel addressing systems can be used.

Abstract: A multicolor electronic display is based on an array of luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals. Nanocrystals which emit light of different colors are grouped into pixels. The nanocrystals are optically pumped to produce a multicolor display. Different sized nanocrystals are used to produce the different colors. A variety of pixel addressing systems can be used.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices related to transmission electron microscopy cells for use with liquids. In one aspect a device includes a substrate, a first graphene layer, and a second graphene layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface defines a first channel, a second channel, and an outlet channel. The first channel and the second channel are joined to the outlet channel. The outlet channel defines a viewport region forming a though hole in the substrate. The first graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including an interior area of the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel. The second graphene layer overlays the first surface of the substrate, including open regions defined by the first channel, the second channel, and the outlet channel.