Abstract: The present invention relates to novel polyurethanes based on a diisocyanate, a carboxylic acid functionalized diol and an acid-free diol, their use as pharmaceutical excipients for improving gastrointestinal absorption, the respective pharmaceutical dosage forms and methods for making the polyurethanes.

Abstract: Copolymer, wherein structural units are derived from: i) an acrylic carboxylic acid monomer (4 to 18% by weight), selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, ii) a 5 hydrophobic methacrylate (more than 8% by weight), selected from a group consisting of isopropyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate, iii) a N-vinyl lactam, selected from a group consisting of N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-vinylcaprolactam and optionally iv) 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, with the proviso that the total amount of structural units derived from the monomer groups adds up to 100% by weight, and the calculated solubility parameter SP of 10 the copolymer is between 22.0 and 25.0 MPa1/2, and the use of the copolymers as crystallization inhibitors in pharmaceutical dosage forms for inhibiting the recrystallization of an active ingredient in an aqueous environment of a human or animal body.

Abstract: In order to facilitate product development, such as pharmaceutical product development, a computer implemented method and an apparatus are proposed that enable formulators to develop robust drug formulations in a cost- and time-efficient manner. To start the development process, the user selects the preferred dosage form (e.g., granules, pellets, capsules, tablets etc.), defines a target profile (e.g., amount of active ingredient per unit, size of dosage form, mechanical strength of dosage form, desired release behaviour etc.) and enters key characteristics of the active ingredient (e.g., true density, particle size distribution data, bulk and tapped density, angle of repose, compressibility and compactibility profile etc.). The identity (e.g., chemical name or structure) of the active ingredient is not necessarily disclosed. The apparatus processes the provided data and calculates key parameters of the AI (e.g.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid dispersion containing surface treated inorganic particle selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, AlN, Si3N4, SiC, WS2 and mixtures thereof and at least one liquid fluorinated compound, manufacturing process thereof, and use of such dispersion for increasing thermal conductivity of oil lubricants or heat transfer fluids.

Abstract: Terpolymer, wherein 20 to 35% by weight of the structural units are derived from acrylic acid, 45 to 60% by weight of the structural units from a hydrophobic methacrylate selected from a group consisting of isopropyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate and 15 to 40% by weight of the structural units from a third olefinic monomer selected from the group consisting of N-vinyl lactam, hydroxy ethyl methacrylate and phenoxyethyl acrylate with the proviso that the total amount of structural units derived from the three monomer groups adds up to 100% by weight, and the use of the terpolymers as crystallization inhibitors in pharmaceutical dosage forms for inhibiting the recrystallization in an aqueous environment of a human or animal body of an active ingredient.

Abstract: Silica glass granule having the following features: Area: 100 to 5000 ?m2, ECD: 5 to 100 ?m, Circumference: 20 to 400 ?m, Maximum diameter: 10 to 140 ?m, Minimum diameter: 5 to 80 ?m, where all values are medium values, Specific BET surface area: <1 m2/g Impurities: <50 ppm It is prepared by a) compacting pyrogenic silicon dioxide powder with a tamped density of 15 to 190 g/l to slugs, b) subsequently crushing them and removing slug fragments with a diameter of <100 ?m and >800 ?m, c) the slug fragments having a tamped density of 300 to 600 g/l, and d) subsequently treating them at 600 to 1100° C. in an atmosphere which comprises one or more compounds which are suitable for removing hydroxyl groups, and e) then sintering them at 1200° C. to 1400° C.

Abstract: As for a pyrogenically produced silica-titania mixed oxide particle, titanium content is 50 wt % or more, a BET specific surface area is 100 m2/g or less. When these particles are observed using an electron microscope, a ratio of a silica single particle and a titania single particle is controlled to 10% or less, and preferably 5% or less. The silica-titania mixed oxide particle has high composting ratio of silica and titania, and excellent dispersibility and environmental stability. Further, when the particle is used as an external additive for an electrophotographic toner, the particle has sufficient durability and transferability, so that an excellent image characteristic can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are particles which are useful as an external toner additive which can control physical properties of a toner. Specifically disclosed are surface-modified complex oxide particles which are obtained by surface-modifying silica-titania complex oxide particles produced by a dry process.

Abstract: Electrostatic charge image developing toner Electrostatic charge image developing toner containing external additives comprising pyrogenically prepared surface modified silicon-dioxide-titanium mixed oxides.

Abstract: Silica glass granule having the following features: Area: 100 to 5000 ?m2, ECD: 5 to 100 ?m, Circumference: 20 to 400 ?m, Maximum diameter: 10 to 140 ?m, Minimum diameter: 5 to 80 ?m, where all values are medium values, Specific BET surface area: <1 m2/g Impurities: <50 ppm It is prepared by a) compacting pyrogenic silicon dioxide powder with a tamped density of 15 to 190 g/1 to slugs, b) subsequently crushing them and removing slug fragments with a diameter of <100 ?m and >800 ?m, c) the slug fragments having a tamped density of 300 to 600 g/l, and d) subsequently treating them at 600 to 1100° C. in an atmosphere which comprises one or more compounds which are suitable for removing hydroxyl groups, and e) then sintering them at 1200° C. to 1400° C.

Abstract: Pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregates of primary particles having a BET surface area of 300±25 m2/g, wherein the aggregates display an average surface area of 4800 to 6000 nm2, an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 60 to 80 nm and an average circumference of 580 to 750 nm. It is produced by a pyrogenic process in which silicon tetrachloride and a maximum of up to 40 wt. % of a second silicon component comprising H3SiCl, H2SiCl2, HSiCl3, CH3SiCl3, (CH3)2SiCl2, (CH3)3SiCl and/or (n-C3H7)SiCl3 are mixed with primary air and a combustion gas and burnt into a reaction chamber, secondary air also being introduced into the reaction chamber, and the feed materials being chosen such that an adiabatic flame temperature of 1390 to 1450° C. is obtained. It can be used as a filler.

Abstract: Pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregates of primary particles having a BET surface area of 300±25 m2/g, wherein the aggregates display an average surface area of 4800 to 6000 nm2, an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 60 to 80 nm and an average circumference of 580 to 750 nm. It is produced by a pyrogenic process in which silicon tetrachloride and a maximum of up to 40 wt. % of a second silicon component comprising H3SiCl, H2SiCl2, HSiCl3, CH3SiCl3, (CH3)2SiCl2, (CH3)3SiCl and/or (n-C3H7)SiCl3 are mixed with primary air and a combustion gas and burnt into a reaction chamber, secondary air also being introduced into the reaction chamber, and the feed materials being chosen such that an adiabatic flame temperature of 1390 to 1450° C. is obtained. It can be used as a filler.

Abstract: The present invention aims to improve short circuit current density and photo-to-electron conversion efficiency without thickening the whole thickness of the device and increasing the number of manufacturing processes. A photovoltaic device comprises a light-transmittable base material 31, and a porous film 41b formed on the base material and adsorbing a dye. The porous film 41b adsorbing the dye 41d contains a titanium dioxide particle 41c containing aluminum oxide. The titanium dioxide particle 41c is a mixed particle of a first titanium dioxide particle doped with aluminum oxide and a second titanium dioxide particle not doped with aluminum oxide. The first titanium dioxide particle contains 70 to 95 wt. % anatase crystal, and a specific surface area by the BET method of the titanium dioxide particle 41c is 35 to 65 m2/g, and an adsorbing amount of oil of the titanium dioxide particle 41c measured by the method based on JIS K5101 is 55 to 75 ml/100 g.

Abstract: An inventive titanium dioxide particle has 70 to 95 wt % crystalline anatase, a BET specific surface area of 65 to 120 m2/g, and an oil absorption being 70 to 90 ml/100 g measured by the method according to JIS K5101, which particle exhibits uniformity, excellent preservability and dispersibility in an acidic aqueous solution. There is disclosed a photovoltaic device 10 which comprises a light-transmittable base material 11, and a porous film 21b formed on the base material 11, in which a dye is absorbed, and the porous film 21b having the dye absorbed thereon contains the inventive titanium dioxide particle.

Abstract: A high concentration silica slurry can be used for polishing of substrates, such as semiconductor materials. The slurry contains a silica powder dispersed in an solvent. The silica slurry has a silica concentration of more than 50% by weight and a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa·s, wherein the silica powder has a ratio DL/DT of less than 1.3, wherein DL is an average particle size of the silica powder measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution method and DT is an average primary particle size of the silica powder measured by a TEM photography observation, and wherein the silica powder has an average primary particle size of from 0.08 ?m to 0.8 ?m.

Abstract: Pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide powder in the form of aggregates of primary particles having a BET surface area of 300±25 m2/g, wherein the aggregates display an average surface area of 4800 to 6000 nm2, an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 60 to 80 nm and an average circumference of 580 to 750 nm. It is produced by a pyrogenic process in which silicon tetrachloride and a maximum of up to 40 wt. % of a second silicon component comprising H3SiCl, H2SiCl2, HSiCl3, CH3SiCl3, (CH3)2SiCl2, (CH3)3SiCl and/or (n-C3H7)SiCl3 are mixed with primary air and a combustion gas and burnt into a reaction chamber, secondary air also being introduced into the reaction chamber, and the feed materials being chosen such that an adiabatic flame temperature of 1390 to 1450° C. is obtained. It can be used as a filler.

Abstract: A high concentration silica slurry can be used for polishing of substrates, such as semiconductor materials. The slurry contains a silica powder dispersed in an solvent. The silica slurry has a silica concentration of more than 50% by weight and a viscosity of less than 1000 mPa·s, wherein the silica powder has a ratio DL/DT of less than 1.3, wherein DL is an average particle size of the silica powder measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution method and DT is an average primary particle size of the silica powder measured by a TEM photography observation, and wherein the silica powder has an average primary particle size of from 0.08 &mgr;m to 0.8 &mgr;m.