Abstract: The invention provides biosynthetic routes to xylitol production that do not require pure D-xylose for synthesis and that can utilize inexpensive substrates such as hemicellulose hydrolysates.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for management of user interactions with a data processing system. A method includes loading a listener dependency definition for a user interaction listener in a data processing system, and initializing listener lookup information for the user interaction listener. The method includes detecting a defined user interaction event by the user interaction listener, and handling the detected defined user interaction event by performing a corresponding defined action.

Abstract: Light engine modules comprise a support member and a solid state light emitter, in which (1) the emitter is mounted on the support member, (2) a region of the support member has a surface with a curved cross-section, (3) the emitter and a compensation circuit are mounted on the support member, (4) an electrical contact element extends to at least two surfaces of the support member, and/or (5) a substantial entirety of the module is located on one side of a plane and the emitter emits light into another side of the plane. Also, a module comprising means for supporting a light emitter and a light emitter. Also, a lighting device comprising a housing member and a light emitter mounted on a removable support member. Also, a lighting device comprising a module mounted in a lighting device element. Also, a method comprising mounting a module to a lighting device element.

Abstract: A shallow water anchor is provided. The shallow water anchor comprises a first anchor extension and a second anchor extension axially received by a housing. The first anchor extension is axially received by the second anchor extension such that the first and second anchor extensions are sequentially deployable from the housing an actuation arrangement. The actuation arrangement is controlled by a control interface that is operable to detect when the shallow water anchor has reached a fully extended state and fully retracted state. The shallow water anchor further includes a biasing compensator that compensates for fluctuations in the overall depth of water the anchor is deployed in due to waves or other anomalies.

Abstract: A panelled assembly has a spacer 26 of cuboid, or rectangular prism, shape located between adjacent first panels 16 in order to maintain separation of the panels 16 at a desired minimum distance during mounting of the panels. During installation, the spacer 26 abuts the first side edge 16b of one panel, and then the second side edge 16d of the circumferentially adjacent panel is made to abut the opposed side of the spacer. This results in an axially extending gap 28 of a constant width between adjacent first panels 16. Similarly, spacers 26 are located between adjacent second panels 18, adjacent third liner panels 20, adjacent fourth panels 22 and adjacent panels 24 as the panels are installed to make up the assembly. This results in axially extending gaps 28, each of a constant width, between circumferentially adjacent panels. The material from which the spacers are made is substantially the same as filler material which is used to fill the gaps between adjacent panels caused by the presence of the spacers.

Abstract: A dry heat sterilizing system for use in sterilizing non-ferromagnetic and/or ferromagnetic parts includes a sterilization chamber and at least one ferromagnetic structure within the sterilization chamber. At least one inductive EMF energy field generator inductively heats the at least one ferromagnetic structure during a sterilization operation. The at least one ferromagnetic structure is in thermal communication with the non-ferromagnetic and/or ferromagnetic part during a sterilization operation to transfer heat from the ferromagnetic structure to the non-ferromagnetic and/or ferromagnetic part.

Abstract: A whisker marker system is disclosed for marking a ground surface having an installation apparatus a whisker marker, a marker strip, and a whisker fastener. The installation apparatus includes a housing, an elongate driver shaft for connection to a power driver for rotating the driver shaft. The drive shaft has the forward end a driver bit. A slide body is coupled to the housing for moving between an extended position and a retracted position. The slide body has a guide channel for receiving a marker strip. A marker includes a whisker marker for visually marking a location on a surface and a threaded fastener for holding the whisker marker in place. The whisker marker includes a bunch of flexible strands that form an indicator flag. The flexible strand bunch has a bunching device attached at its longitudinal center. A pair of apertures are located opposite each other in the bunching device. The marker strip includes threaded fasteners, such as a screw, having whisker markers attached in a strip.

Abstract: A lift truck includes a secondary rechargeable energy storage device on a vertically movable platform that is separate from a primary rechargeable energy storage device on the lift truck's main tractor unit without the use of wires or hoses for transfer of power or controls between the main tractor unit and the platform. The quantity of energy stored in the secondary rechargeable energy storage device is sufficient to power platform electrical loads for a predetermined amount of time until the platform is lowered. When the platform is lowered, the secondary rechargeable energy storage device is recharged by the primary energy storage device.

Abstract: A reclosable package for a plurality of products is described herein. The reclosable package includes an adhesive-based fastener that utilizes a low tack adhesive and pivotably connected first and second compartments, each compartment configured to receive the plurality of products therein. The adhesive-based fastener includes opposing portions of resealable adhesive on interior surfaces of the first and second compartments respectively, so that the interior surfaces can be pivoted together to close the reclosable package.

Abstract: Systems for controlling hydrogen purity in a power plant system are disclosed. In one embodiment, a hydrogen control system for a generator housing includes: a mass flow control system fluidly connected to the generator housing, the mass flow control system being configured to measure a flow rate of a gas mixture extracted from the generator housing and modify the flow rate of the gas mixture across a range of flow rates; and a vent conduit fluidly connected to the mass flow control system, the vent conduit for receiving a portion of the gas mixture from the mass flow control system and feeding the portion of the gas mixture to an outlet.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for detecting an idle TCP connection. In one aspect, a packet in a TCP connection is received by a first node. The first node identifies in the packet a header for detecting a time period during which the first node receives no data included in a data stream sent in the connection from a second node. The first node detects the time period based on the header and deactivates the connection, in response. In another aspect, information is received by a second node for detecting an idle TCP connection. The second node creates a packet including a header based on the information. The second node sends the packet in the connection to a first node for detecting a time period during which the first node receives no data in a data stream sent in the connection from the second node.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the preparation of an “optimized” VPO4 phase or V—P—O/C precursor. The VPO4 precursor is an amorphous or nanocrystalline powder. The V—P—O/C precursor is amorphous in nature and contains finely divided and dispersed carbon. Throughout the specification it is understood that the VPO4 precursor and the V—P—O/C precursor materials can be used interchangeably to produce the final vanadium phosphates, with the V—P—O/C precursor material being the preferred precursor. The precursors can subsequently be used to make vanadium based electroactive materials and use of such precursor materials offers significant advantages over other processes known for preparing vanadium phosphate compounds.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for integrating active interest information with an address book are provided. Active interest information is indicative of a current or ongoing interest of a first user and may be generated based on use of an application client by the first user. The active interest information is used to update an active interest field in a contact record describing the first user in an address book associated with a second user. The contact record may be updated by an address book client or a converged address book server. Provided is a converged address book server that manages the sharing and updating of active interest information and address books. The active interest information may also be updated using a personal contact card associated with the first user. Also provided is a method and apparatus for prompting communication between contacts based on active interest information.

Abstract: A machine-to-machine (M2M) gateway (GW) includes reachability, addressing, and repository (RAR) capability. The GW maintains a local mapping table and local device application repository, performs data aggregation, address/name translation, provides event reporting and establishes GW reachability and wake-up time. The GW supports requests from M2M applications or other capabilities within the GW, and from a network and application (N&A) domain RAR. The GW may include an M2M device and M2M gateway management (MDGM) capability that receives management requests for an M2M device and functions as a network proxy. The MDGM accepts and processes requests from the N&A domain on behalf of the M2M device and performs management functions of the M2M device on behalf of the N&A domain. The MDGM may request the N&A domain for permission to interact with the M2M device, initiate an interaction for device management tasks with the M2M device, and report to the N&A domain.

Abstract: In an immersion lithography apparatus or device manufacturing method, the position of focus of the projected image is changed during imaging to increase focus latitude. In an embodiment, the focus may be varied using the liquid supply system of the immersion lithographic apparatus.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatuses for beacon transmission in an ad-hoc peer-to-peer network are disclosed. In one aspect, an apparatus for communication is disclosed, the apparatus comprising a processing system configured to sense a channel during a first period comprising at least a first portion of a beacon transmission period and select, based on the sensing, a second period comprising at least a second portion of a beacon transmission period; and a transmitter configured to transmit one or more beacons during the second period.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transparent electroactive system that includes two electrodes (2, 3) juxtaposed on the same side of a closed space (12) containing electroactive substances. The two electrodes are separated by a distance of less than 250 ?m, and a barrier (1) extending towards the inside of the closed space is placed between the electrodes. The separation between the electrodes is thus not visible, and a mutual neutralization between the electroactive substances is prevented. Advantageously, the electroactive substances are contained in cells (5) separated from each other within the closed space. The barrier (1) can thus be distinct from separation walls (4) between the cells, or can be assimilated with some intercellular walls.

Abstract: The disclosure describes systems and methods relating generally to filtration. Even more particularly, this disclosure relates to controlling the operation of a pump using filter information. A removable filter can include an electronically readable tag storing filter information. The filter information can be read by a tag reader and rules applied to the filter information to determine whether or how to operate a pump.

Abstract: A shock strut includes a relief device that reduces the internal pressure within a sealed chamber of the shock strut when a load condition that exceeds a maximum operating load condition is encountered. The reduced pressure permits a telescopically moving piston of the shock strut to be received into a corresponding cylinder to an amount that increases the structural capability of the shock strut, especially with respect to applied side loads that generate bending and shearing stresses in the shock strut. In one embodiment, the reduced pressure permits the piston to “bottom out” relative to the cylinder, which is a condition not otherwise achievable without the relief device. This additional stroke achievable by the piston reduces or eliminates the need to reinforce and thus add weight to the shock strut because of higher load condition design requirements.

Abstract: The invention relates to an authentication and/or energy auditing system for a plug-in electric drive vehicle. A first device connects to a first power apparatus and establishes an electrical power path between the first and a remote device. The latter is connectable to a second power apparatus. The authentication system preferably includes a powerline transceiver to receive a request containing an identifier from the remote device over the power path. Control means controls operation of the first device and responds to the request to initiate an authentication process to determine whether or not the remote device is authentic and authorised to exchange power with the first device, and to activate a control switch to electrically connect the first device to the first power apparatus only upon an authentic and authorised determination.