Abstract: Certain systems, methods, and devices described herein are configured to dynamically model a patient area for surgery and/or other treatment, dynamically identify one or more features and/or characteristics thereon such as the length and/or elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), dynamically allow modification of the model, dynamically limit and/or assist in modification of the model, and/or dynamically generate guidelines for generation of patient-specific implants and/or treatment kits for a specific patient.

Abstract: Certain systems, methods, and devices described herein are configured to dynamically model a patient area for surgery and/or other treatment, dynamically identify one or more features and/or characteristics thereon such as the length and/or elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), dynamically allow modification of the model, dynamically limit and/or assist in modification of the model, and/or dynamically generate guidelines for generation of patient-specific implants and/or treatment kits for a specific patient.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: Certain systems, methods, and devices described herein are configured to dynamically model a patient area for surgery and/or other treatment, dynamically identify one or more features and/or characteristics thereon such as the length and/or elasticity of the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), dynamically allow modification of the model, dynamically limit and/or assist in modification of the model, and/or dynamically generate guidelines for generation of patient-specific implants and/or treatment kits for a specific patient.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for performing spinal reconstructive surgery, including measuring spinal length in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral spacing in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral tension applied to the posterior longitudinal ligament, establishing the height of intervertebral spacers along the Y-axis at the middle column based on one or more of such measurements, measuring intervertebral rotation around the Y-axis, and measuring flexion-extension or anterior-posterior rotation around the X-axis.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for performing spinal reconstructive surgery, including measuring spinal length in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral spacing in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral tension applied to the posterior longitudinal ligament, establishing the height of intervertebral spacers along the Y-axis at the middle column based on one or more of such measurements, measuring intervertebral rotation around the Y-axis, and measuring flexion-extension or anterior-posterior rotation around the X-axis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for performing spinal reconstructive surgery, including measuring spinal length in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral spacing in the Y-axis at the middle column, measuring intervertebral tension applied to the posterior longitudinal ligament, establishing the height of intervertebral spacers along the Y-axis at the middle column based on one or more of such measurements, measuring intervertebral rotation around the Y-axis, and measuring flexion-extension or anterior-posterior rotation around the X-axis.

Abstract: Distraction tools that may be used in surgical operations, such as reconstructive spinal surgery, measuring spinal length and intervertebral spacing at the middle column, measuring intervertebral tension and establishing intervertebral spacer heights are disclosed. The distraction tools may be pneumatically operated and include distractor arms engagable with bone screws. Relative movement of the actuator arms adjusts the relative positions of the bone screws. In certain embodiments, the distraction tools are used to apply a desired amount of tension at the middle column of a spine utilizing air pressure to generate controlled distraction forces. The distraction tool systems may include touch-less gesture sensors, microcontrollers, and digital regulators.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: An intervertebral disc prosthesis having two cover plates and a prosthesis core that extends to the circumferential edge of the cover plates. The prosthesis core is mounted to the lower cover plate and forms a spherical sliding surface with the upper cover plate. The connection surface of the cover plates may be set back from the circumferential perimeter of the cover plates to provide an optimum size of the spherical sliding surface despite the set-back nature of the connection surface. The set-back is configured as an inclined transition surface that adjoins the connection surface to the circumferential edge. The set-back allows the intervertebral disc prosthesis to be fully inserted into the prepared disc space into the spared dorsolateral corners without protruding ventrally.

Abstract: Expandable spinal implants and drivers connected by a bendable joint are disclosed. The flexible connector allows the implant and driver to move to different angular orientations with respect to each other, and to apply rotational force or torque from the driver to the implant and its expansion mechanism. During insertion of an implant into the desired position, the driver may be oriented in the same or different direction than the long axis of the implant. After the spinal implant is placed in the desired position, the driver is used to expand the implant in selected dimensions.

Abstract: An intervertebral disc prosthesis having two cover plates and a prosthesis core that extends to the circumferential edge of the cover plates. The prosthesis core is mounted to the lower cover plate and forms a spherical sliding surface with the upper cover plate. The connection surface of the cover plates may be set back from the circumferential perimeter of the cover plates to provide an optimum size of the spherical sliding surface despite the set-back nature of the connection surface. The set-back is configured as an inclined transition surface that adjoins the connection surface to the circumferential edge. The set-back allows the intervertebral disc prosthesis to be fully inserted into the prepared disc space into the spared dorsolateral corners without protruding ventrally.

Abstract: A cervical intervertebral disk prosthesis has two cover plates, at least one of which is provided with a wedge-shaped connection surface for connection to a vertebral body and which is wider than it is deep. The dorsal edge of the connection surface may be set back from the dorsolateral edge of the cover plate having the connection surface and be connected to the dorsal edge protruding above it via a rounding or bevel.

Abstract: An intervertebral prosthesis, in particular for the cervical spine, includes a first cover plate to be connected to a first vertebral body, second cover plate to be connected to the second vertebral body, and a prosthesis core which forms an articulation with the second cover plate. The prosthesis core is held by seat of the first cover plate which is designed as a guide device. The core can be pushed into the guide device from the ventral side in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction relative to the first cover plate. A limit-stop plate is provided on the ventral edge of the first cover plate. This limit-stop plate is displaceable in a slide guide between a locking position and a nonlocking position.

Abstract: A cervical intervertebral disk prosthesis has two cover plates, at least one of which is provided with a wedge-shaped connection surface for connection to a vertebral body and which is wider than it is deep. The dorsal edge of the connection surface may be set back from the dorsolateral edge of the cover plate having the connection surface and be connected to the dorsal edge, protruding above it, via a rounding or bevel.

Abstract: An intervertebral prosthesis system, in particular for the cervical spine, includes at least two types of prostheses. The type of prosthesis includes a first cover plate that is configured to be connected to a first vertebral body, a second cover plate that is configured to be connected to a second vertebral body, and a prosthesis core which is held by a seat on the first cover plate and forms an articulation with the second cover plate. The core of the first type of prosthesis is movable in the anterior-posterior direction relative to the first cover plate. Mobility can also be provided in the lateral direction and rotational direction. The second type of prosthesis of the system may be the same as the first type of prosthesis or may be different, but in all examples of the second type of prosthesis the core is not movable relative to either cover plate.

Abstract: An instrument set for fitting an intervertebral prosthesis includes a guide device for an instrument or a prosthesis part, which guide device is to be secured on at least one vertebral body. In order to attach the guide device precisely on the vertebral bodies despite difficult operating conditions, an adjustment instrument is provided which positions the guide device when this is being arranged on the vertebral body. This adjustment instrument may include an intervertebral plate which is fitted into the intervertebral space so as to be positioned exactly in relation to the vertebral bodies.