Abstract: A process and apparatus cool and remove catalyst from a hot vaporous reactor effluent stream by feeding the hot vaporous reactor effluent stream comprising catalyst and a first quench liquid stream to a first quench chamber. The hot vaporous reactor effluent stream is directly contacted with the first quench liquid stream to cool the hot reactor effluent stream and wash catalyst therefrom into the first quench liquid stream. The first quench liquid stream and the vaporous reactor effluent stream are passed together through a bed while disengaging catalyst from the vaporous reactor effluent stream and transferring catalyst into the first quench liquid stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus cool and remove catalyst from a hot vaporous reactor effluent stream by feeding the hot vaporous reactor effluent stream comprising catalyst and a first quench liquid stream to a first quench chamber. The hot vaporous reactor effluent stream is directly contacted with the first quench liquid stream to cool the hot reactor effluent stream and wash catalyst therefrom into the first quench liquid stream. The first quench liquid stream and the vaporous reactor effluent stream are passed together through a bed while disengaging catalyst from the vaporous reactor effluent stream and transferring catalyst into the first quench liquid stream.

Abstract: Processes for combining the stripping sections for two different reaction zones, such as a diesel hydrotreating zone and a naphtha hydrotreating zone. The stripping section includes an air cooler, a combined overhead receiver and two different separation sections. The two separation sections may be in the same column, but be fluidically separated. Alternatively the two sections may be in different columns. A stream from the second section may be used as a reflux from the first. While a stream from the combined overhead condenser may provide a reflux for the first section.

Abstract: Processes for combining the stripping sections for two different reaction zones, such as a diesel hydrotreating zone and a naphtha hydrotreating zone. The stripping section includes an air cooler, a combined overhead receiver and two different separation sections. The two separation sections may be in the same column, but be fluidically separated. Alternatively the two sections may be in different columns. A stream from the second section may be used as a reflux from the first. While a stream from the combined overhead condenser may provide a reflux for the first section.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is disclosed for the cooling of a reactor effluent gas stream. The apparatus includes a two stage contact cooling system with a first stage wash zone and second stage wash zone. Each wash zone has a packed bed, or other type of mechanical system for contacting the gas stream with the cooling liquid. The liquid in the first stage will remove heavy components, allowing for a cleaner second stage that can be reduced in size.

Abstract: A separation process with a modified enhanced hot separator system is described. The process eliminates undesirable entrainment while allowing for enhanced stripping of the net liquid only. The modified enhanced hot separator system combines a hot separator with a hot stripping column.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for desulfurizing hydrocarbon streams are provided herein. In one embodiment, a method for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon stream includes separating the hydrocarbon stream into a heavier fraction and a lighter fraction. The heavier fraction includes a relatively higher amount of lower octane mono-unsaturates and the lighter fraction includes a relatively higher amount of higher octane mono-unsaturates. The method further includes hydrodesulfurizing the heavier fraction in a first hydrodesulfurization zone and hydrodesulfurizing the lighter fraction in a second hydrodesulfurization zone. Further, the method forms a hydrodesulfurized stream from the heavier fraction and the lighter fraction.

Abstract: An apparatus and process is disclosed for the cooling of a reactor effluent gas stream. The apparatus includes a two stage contact cooling system with a first stage wash zone and second stage wash zone. Each wash zone has a packed bed, or other type of mechanical system for contacting the gas stream with the cooling liquid. The liquid in the first stage will remove heavy components, allowing for a cleaner second stage that can be reduced in size.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for desulfurizing hydrocarbon streams are provided herein. In one embodiment, a method for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon stream includes separating the hydrocarbon stream into a heavier fraction and a lighter fraction. The heavier fraction includes a relatively higher amount of lower octane mono-unsaturates and the lighter fraction includes a relatively higher amount of higher octane mono-unsaturates. The method further includes hydrodesulfurizing the heavier fraction in a first hydrodesulfurization zone and hydrodesulfurizing the lighter fraction in a second hydrodesulfurization zone. Further, the method forms a hydrodesulfurized stream from the heavier fraction and the lighter fraction.

Abstract: A portion of the overhead vapor from a distillation column is used to heat a process stream. The temperature and flow rate of the stream out of a heat exchanger are controlled so that the vapor is condensed.

Abstract: A separation process with a modified enhanced hot separator system is described. The process eliminates undesirable entrainment while allowing for enhanced stripping of the net liquid only. The modified enhanced hot separator system combines a hot separator with a hot stripping column.

Abstract: Problems generated by heat transfer through the vertical dividing wall of a trayed “dividing wall column” and into a downcomer of a tray are mitigated by providing a separate vertical isolation wall between the downcomer and dividing wall. The isolation wall forms one side of the downcomer and is spaced a short distance outward from the dividing wall to form an isolation volume which thermally insulates the downcomer from the dividing wall. The added wall is parallel to the dividing wall and supplants the dividing wall as a part of the downcomer. It eliminates a need to insulate the dividing wall.

Abstract: A control method and apparatus for regulating the rate of vapor flow in the two adjacent sections of a dividing wall fractional distillation column are presented. The liquid level on a tray at the top of each section is used to control the rate of vapor flow through the tray. The liquid level is controlled by measuring the pressure differential across the tray in each section and varying the flow of liquid to this tray in response to the differential.

Abstract: The quench system for a toluene methylation process is improved by using the methylating agent as a quench medium that is introduced between sequential reaction zones. A stream of toluene and any resulting alkylate product is passed sequentially through the reaction zones while the methylating agent in vapor or liquid form or a combinations thereof is added at points intermediate any two reaction zones. The proportion of vapor phase and liquid phase methanol is adjusted to control the enthalpy of the methylating agent and provide temperature reduction by the vaporization of the liquid component of the methylating agent. The control system for the methylating agent varies the total amount of methanol in the relative proportions of liquid and vapor phase in response to temperature and composition parameters measured at the inlet to any reaction zone. This arrangement is particularly beneficial where the methylating agent is corrosive and steam is used to inhibit the corrosive effects.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the recovery of hydrogen and C.sub.6 -plus product hydrocarbons from the effluent stream of a hydrogen-producing hydrocarbon conversion process. The effluent stream of the reaction zone is partially condensed to remove the bulk of the heavy C.sub.6 -plus hydrocarbons, which are then sent to a fractionation zone. The remaining vapor is compressed to a substantially higher pressure. The compressed vapor is then passed into a membrane separation zone in which a hydrogen-rich stream is separated from the compressed vapor. The relatively high pressure nonpermeate portion of the vapor stream which emerges from the membrane separation zone is partially condensed by autorefrigeration. The still high pressure mixed phase fluid is separated into vapor and liquid portions. The liquid phase material is then flashed to produce coolant used to perform the partial condensation.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the recovery of hydrogen and C.sub.6 -plus product hydrocarbons from the effluent stream of a hydrocarbon conversion reaction zone. The effluent stream is partially condensed to remove the bulk of the heavy hydrocarbons, which are sent to a fractionation zone. The remaining vapor is compressed to a substantially higher pressure. The vapor then passes into an autorefrigeration zone in which it is cooled and partially condensed by indirect heat exchange against flashed fluids. The still pressurized uncondensed compounds are transferred to a pressure swing adsorption zone, which produces a high purity hydrogen product. The initial compression therefore is used in two different high pressure separation zones in series.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon conversion process for the production of C.sub.6 -C.sub.8 aromatic hydrocarbons from C.sub.3 and C.sub.4 aliphatic hydrocarbons is disclosed. This dehydrocyclodimerization process is characterized by the integrated product recovery steps employed to separate hydrogen and products from the reactor effluent. Following partial condensation of the reactor effluent stream, the resultant vapor is subjected to liquid absorption (scrubbing) followed by autorefrigeration to yield lighter gas streams. Liquids from the various steps are separated via fractionation.