Abstract: Measuring ethanol vapour concentration comprising; introducing an ethanol vapour sample into a fuel cell that is adapted to generate an output which is proportional to the ethanol vapour concentration of the ethanol sample; a voltage measurement circuit; a current measurement circuit; and means to switch the fuel cell output either to the voltage measurement circuit or to the current measurement circuit in dependence on one or more predetermined signal measurement parameters. The signal measurement parameter may be the temperature of the fuel cell.

Abstract: This invention relates to a stereoselective preparation of fluoroleucine alkyl esters.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes for the preparation of 4-(sulfonylphenyl)-piperidines of the Formula (VI), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; which comprises oxidizing a sulfide of the Formula (VII) or Formula (VIII), to give a compound of the Formula (IX) or Formula (X) respectively, followed by catalic reduction of the compound of the Formula (IX) or dehydration of compound of formula (X) to give a compound of Formula (IX) followed by catalytic reduction of the compound formula (IX) to give the compound of the Formula (VI).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes for the preparation of 4-(3-methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-1-N-propylpiperidine (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which comprises: oxidizing a sulfide of the formula (II): with a catalytic oxidizing agent and an oxidant; to give a compound of the formula (III): followed by catalytic reduction of the compound of formula (III).

Abstract: An apparatus for performing XML processing distributed across one or more network entities and a terminal comprised of a mobile device entity. A memory stores a transformed representation of XML information. The network entity and terminal communications are mediated by a proxy tasked with offloading XML processing other operations from the network entities or terminals participating in communications exchanges and/or XML manipulations. Advantages of the invention include the ability for network operators to optimize communications techniques based on XML Documents, XML Fragments, communication protocol components, and other forms of XML interchange and exchange.

Abstract: This invention describes a reductive amination process whereby perfluorinated ketones or ketals are combined with ?-aminoesters under basic conditions to form metal carboxylates. Diastereoselective reductions of the metal carboxylates enable access to two diastereomers, depending on the reducing conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a stereoselective preparation of fluoroleucine alkyl esters.

Abstract: An electro-mechanical motion sensor for detecting the unauthorized movement of an object and which responds to motion in all axes is disclosed. The sensor comprises a housing having a base, cap and peripheral wall defining the interior of the housing wherein the base and cap have internal and external surfaces with a mid-point thereon and a series of radially extending electrical contacts on the internal surfaces of the base and cap. The contacts extend from about the mid point of the base and cap. A metallic post is located between the mid points on the base and cap respectively and a metallic ball is provided within the housing and is of sufficient size that it can roll freely within the interior of the housing always in contact with the radially extending contacts peripheral wall or metallic post.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-ol. This compound is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds which possess pharmacological activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alarm for detecting the unauthorized movement of an object said alarm comprising a an electro-mechanical motion sensor for detecting the unauthorized movement of an object and which responds to motion in all axes, a programmable control microprocessor, to detect unauthorized movement of the object, an audible alarm means that emits a sound oscillating between at least two frequencies and at A volume of about 120 dBs when said unauthorized movement is detected, and a rechargeable battery. The microprocessor, audible alarm means, rechargeable battery and electro-mechanical motion sensor are mounted on a circuit board in valuable items such as televisions, stereo systems, VCR's, video cameras, computers etc. When the alarm is armed it will sense any motion of the item to which it is attached and will sound an alarm if sufficient motion has been detected.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-ol. This compound is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds which possess pharmacological activity.

Abstract: Enantiomerically enriched hydroxychromanones are obtained by the AlCl3-catalyzed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of the corresponding 3-phenoxy-2-alkylcarbonyloxy-propionic acid followed by cleavage of the carboxylate in the presence of an alkali metal peroxide or hydroperoxide. Enantiomerically enriched cis-aminochromanols can then be prepared by treating the hydroxychromanones with a hydroxylamine and hydrogenating the resulting oxime. The cis-aminochromanols can be employed as intermediates in the production of HIV protease inhibitors which are useful for treating HIV infection and AIDS.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (R)-1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethan-1-ol. This compound is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds which possess pharmacological activity.

Abstract: Enantiomerically enriched hydroxychromanones are obtained by the AlCl3-catalyzed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of the corresponding 3-phenoxy-2-alkylcarbonyloxy-propionic acid followed by cleavage of the carboxylate in the presence of an alkali metal peroxide or hydroperoxide. Enantiomerically enriched cis-aminochromanols can then be prepared by treating the hydroxychromanones with a hydroxylamine and hydrogenating the resulting oxime. The cis-aminochromanols can be employed as intermediates in the production of HIV protease inhibitors which are useful for treating HIV infection and AIDS.

Abstract: An alarm for detecting the unauthorized movement of an object includes a motion detector, programmable microprocessor and an audible alarm contained within a housing. The motion detector utilizes a series of radially extending electrical contacts together with a peripheral electrical contact ring that encircles the perimeter of the outside edges of the radially extending electrical contacts. A metallic ball is provided within the electrical contact ring and is of sufficient size that it can roll freely within the interior of the ring. The programmable microprocessor has a key pad for programming the processor to detect when an electrical circuit is formed by said contact ring, ball and any radially extending contact and to detect when this circuit is broken by movement of the object. The audible alarm sounds when the electrical circuit is broken.