Abstract: Systems and methods of performing a seismic survey are described. The system can receive seismic data. The system receives seismic data from one or more seismic data sources. The system propagates the seismic data forward in time through a subsurface model to generate a first wavefield. The system propagates the seismic data backward in time through the subsurface model to generate a second wavefield. The system combines the first wavefield with the second wavefield using a time gate imaging condition to produce subsurface images and image gathers.

Abstract: Systems and methods of performing a seismic survey are described. The system can receive seismic data. The system receives seismic data from one or more seismic data sources. The system propagates the seismic data forward in time through a subsurface model to generate a first wavefield. The system propagates the seismic data backward in time through the subsurface model to generate a second wavefield. The system combines the first wavefield with the second wavefield using a time gate imaging condition to produce subsurface images and image gathers.

Abstract: A method for adjusting an isotropic depth image based on a mis-tie volume is provided. The method generally includes obtaining an isotropic velocity volume for a geophysical volume, obtaining an isotropic depth image of the geophysical volume, obtaining time-depth pairs at downhole locations in the geophysical volume, generating mis-tie values based on the time-depth pairs and the isotropic velocity volume, assigning uncertainties to the mis-tie values, generating a smoothest mis-tie volume that satisfies a target goodness of fit with the mis-tie values. Adjustment of the isotropic depth image may be achieved based on the mis-tie volume or a calibration velocity obtained from the mis-tie volume.

Abstract: A method for adjusting an isotropic depth image based on a mis-tie volume is provided. The method generally includes obtaining an isotropic velocity volume for a geophysical volume, obtaining an isotropic depth image of the geophysical volume, obtaining time-depth pairs at downhole locations in the geophysical volume, generating mis-tie values based on the time-depth pairs and the isotropic velocity volume, assigning uncertainties to the mis-tie values, generating a smoothest mis-tie volume that satisfies a target goodness of fit with the mis-tie values. Adjustment of the isotropic depth image may be achieved based on the mis-tie volume or a calibration velocity obtained from the mis-tie volume.

Abstract: A method for presenting seismic data in a multidimensional visualization. Specifically, in the visualization technique of the current invention, seismic data is displayed in a multidimensional plan view utilizing at least four dimensions associated with the seismic data, such as for example, x, y, time/depth and offset. In the method of the invention, a plurality of time or depth windows are defined along a reflector or any other time or depth surface of interest on the prestack data as presented in standard CMP displays. In one embodiment of the invention, for each CMP gather, a window is defined around the data representing the reflector of interest. Passing through each window are individual seismic traces. The window, being defined on the seismic display, is associated with a finite time/depth segment and will contain several offsets. In addition, since each CMP gather has a constant x and y coordinate, the window is associated with specific spatial coordinates.

Abstract: A method for presenting seismic data in a multidimensional visualization. Specifically, in the visualization technique of the current invention, seismic data is displayed in a multidimensional plan view utilizing at least four dimensions associated with the seismic data, such as for example, x, y, time/depth and offset. In the method of the invention, a plurality of time or depth windows are defined along a reflector or any other time or depth surface of interest on the prestack data as presented in standard CMP displays. In one embodiment of the invention, for each CMP gather, a window is defined around the data representing the reflector of interest. Passing through each window are individual seismic traces. The window, being defined on the seismic display, is associated with a finite time/depth segment and will contain several offsets. In addition, since each CMP gather has a constant x and y coordinate, the window is associated with specific spatial coordinates.