Abstract: A femoral gauge for sizing a femoral head implant and locating osteophytes or structural abnormalities comprising a gauge portion, the gauge portion having a concave gauge surface and an opposing back surface, the gauge surface defined by a pair of opposing lengthwise sides and a pair of widthwise sides, the gauge surface having a substantially spherical contour, the spherical contour sized for selection of a correspondingly sized femoral head implant, and a handle portion extending from the gauge portion, the handle portion positioned and configured for use in positioning the gauge surface. A plurality of different sized gauges can be provided. Areas of potential infringement can be located by rotating the femoral gauge around the juncture of the natural or implant femoral head and the natural femoral neck. Areas of impingement are removed until the femoral gauge can be rotated around the juncture without lifting off of the femoral head.

Abstract: A method of resurfacing a femoral head involves using a chamfered reamer to ream only a top portion of the femoral head above an anterior lateral portion of the femoral head where the retinacular vessels supply blood to the femoral head. As no cylindrical reaming is performed on the lateral portions of the femoral head, damage to the retinacular vessels is avoided. The method thereby preserves femoral head vascularity. A surgical instrument tray for enabling a surgeon to perform this method includes both a reamer and a spherometer for assessing the sphericity of the femoral head to determine whether osteophyte growth on the femoral head is likely to cause femoro acetabular impingement. The instrument tray can also include a tool, such as a bone chisel or burr, for removing the osteophytes to restore the sphericity of the femoral head, rather than removing the osteophytes using a cylindrical reamer.