Abstract: A developer composition for photosensitive elements including lithographic printing plates, color proofing films, positive and negative working lithographic plates and thermally sensitive plates giving high image contrast and reduced oxide attack to image surfaces said composition comprises: a source of hydroxyl ions sufficient to provide said developer composition to have a pH of from about 10 to about 14; an optional buffer; an etch inhibiting additive, and sufficient water to produce a developer composition. A method for forming an image also is disclosed.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided herein improved glass fiber dispersions for making uniform glass fiber mats by the wet-laid process. The well dispersed glass fiber compositions of this invention usually are prepared by mixing chopped glass fiber bundles in water with a small amount of a propoxylated fatty amine ethoxylate surfactant to disperse the bundles into individual fibers. As a feature of the invention, the dispersions may be formed at relatively high glass fiber consistencies. The resultant dispersions are characterized by low foaming and can be used to make very high quality glass fiber mats at high rates of production.

Abstract: Hard resinous polyol esters having a high degree of hydroxyl functionality and a ball and ring softening temperature of at least about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Warming devices are described having solid organic particulates that are solid at room temperature and which exhibit a meso-crystalline transition temperature within a range of about 30.degree. to about 200.degree. C. The particles can be heated by a variety of methods such as microwave radiation or hot liquids. Contemplated objects include vacuum bottles, coffee mugs, stadium pads, foot warming boxes, mittens, caps, snowsuits, and other wearing apparel. The solid particles act as a reusable heat reservoir to release heat over an extended period of time or absorb ambient heat and serve a protective function.

Abstract: A method of producing essentially haze-free isophthalic acid and polymethylolalkanoic acid-containing resins comprising reacting isophthalic acid, a polymethylolalkanoic acid, and a polyol in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of stannous oxalate, dibutyltin oxide, and tetrabutyl titanate at a temperature of between about 150.degree. C. and 230.degree. C. to produce haze-free resin.

Abstract: An ester of a sterically hindered polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid and a polyhydroxy-containing component, which ester is a solid at ambient temperature conditions, comprising the condensation product of said acid selected from the group consisting of dimethylolpropionic acid, trimethylolacetic acid, and mixtures thereof, and said polyhydroxy-containing component selected from the group consisting of pentaerythritol, trimethylolethane, and mixtures thereof, said product having a mol ratio of acid to polyhydroxy-containing component of at least about 1.75, a ring and ball softening point of at least about 50.degree. C., and an acid number of less than about 40.

Abstract: Crystallization of trimethylolethane from supersaturated aqueous solutions is inhibited in the presence of effective amounts of methanol and formic acid as crystallization inhibitors.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion coating and pigment therefore, the latter comprising the combination of condensed aluminum phosphate with a comminuted zeolite or silica and process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibiting pigment consisting essentially of a comminuted natural zeolite or a calcium-exchanged zeolite.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for mild steel comprising the combination of trimethylolethane or trimethylolpropane with a disclosed alkanolamine.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the precipitation under alkaline conditions of metal compounds from a solution containing them by the step of adding dimethylolpropionic acid in metal precipitation-inhibiting amounts.

Abstract: Crystallization of trimethylolethane from supersaturated aqueous solutions is inhibited in the presence of effective amounts of crystallization inhibitors selected from methanol, isopropanol, s-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, formic acid and 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol.

Abstract: An ester represented by the formula (A-B).sub.n -C-D.sub.m where A is a branched-chain aliphatic alcohol, a cyclic alcohol or a glycol monoether thereof; B is an unsaturated dibasic acid or a substance which forms an unsaturated dibasic acid when heated; C is a polyol of at least 3 hydroxyl groups; D is an unsaturated fatty acid of from 18 to 22 carbon atoms; n and m are integers of 1 or more but n+m does not exceed the number of hydroxyls present in the C- compound.

Abstract: Slurries of pentaerythritol in a liquid oil in which pentaerythritol is substantially insoluble are disclosed. The slurries can contain up to 70 percent by weight or more of solid pentaerythritol. Suitable oils include propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, vegetable oils, glycerin and tall oil fatty acid. The slurries are stable and flowable allowing for shipment in bulk.

Abstract: Waste liquors from fermentation processes and other sources are disposed of by creating an oil-in-water emulsion and incinerating the emulsion.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of nitro-olefins comprising reacting a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R and R.sup.1 can be hydrogen, alkyl of 1-20 carbon atoms or phenyl, with an aldehyde acceptor selected from the group consisting of alkylene polyols or aromatic polyols, in the presence of an alkaline catalyst or a Lewis acid catalyst.

Abstract: A method of catalyzing the curing of polyurethane foams formed by reacting a polyol with a diisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and a catalyst comprising using as the catalyst a compound of the formula ##STR1## where R can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or R.sup.4 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; R.sup.1 can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or R.sup.4 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; R.sup.2 can be hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 can be alkyl of 1-4 carbon atoms or phenyl; and R.sup.4 can be hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl of 1-17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of catalyzing the curing of polyurethane foams formed by reacting a polyol with a diisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and a catalyst comprising using as the catalyst a compound of the formula ##STR1## where n is 0 or 1, R is methyl or ethyl and R' is hydrogen, methyl of dimethylamino.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for partially resolving the components of a pentaerythritol waste liquor which contains pentaerythritol, polypentaerythritols, organic syrups, water, and an alkali metal formate which comprises acidifying the waste liquor to convert the alkali metal formate to formic acid and an alkali metal salt, adding a lower aliphatic alcohol to the acidified waste liquor to react with the formic acid to form a formate ester and to precipitate the alkali metal salt, removing the formate ester by distillation, and removing the precipitated alkali metal salt.