Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and method for processing tars to produce benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). A method for processing tars may comprise distilling the tars to separate creosotes and pitch; and processing the pitch via hydropyrolysis, including both hydrogenation and hydrocracking functions, to remove heteroatoms and break down polyaromatics in the pitch and produce monoaromatics, such as BTX. A system for processing tars may comprise one or more of the following: an input stream comprising tars feeding into a column; the column configured to separate the tars into one or more creosote streams and a pitch stream; and a reactor (or a series of reactors, or beds within a single reactor), wherein the pitch stream is fed to the reactor along with a stream of hydrogen, wherein the reactor is configured to break down the pitch to produce BTX.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and method for processing tars to produce benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). A method for processing tars may comprise distilling the tars to separate creosotes and pitch; and processing the pitch via hydropyrolysis, including both hydrogenation and hydrocracking functions, to remove heteroatoms and break down polyaromatics in the pitch and produce monoaromatics, such as BTX. A system for processing tars may comprise one or more of the following: an input stream comprising tars feeding into a column; the column configured to separate the tars into one or more creosote streams and a pitch stream; and a reactor (or a series of reactors, or beds within a single reactor), wherein the pitch stream is fed to the reactor along with a stream of hydrogen, wherein the reactor is configured to break down the pitch to produce BTX.

Abstract: A crude oil processing plant that comprises a Fischer-Tropsch reactor is disclosed. The crude oil processing plant comprises a crude oil processing section and a hydrogen production section. The hydrogen production section is coupled to a hydrocracker in the crude oil processing section to deliver a high purity hydrogen stream. The Fischer-Tropsch reactor receives a syngas stream from the hydrogen production section and produces a hydrocarbon stream. When light crude oil is processed, the hydrocracker typically has excess capacities to upgrade the hydrocarbon stream from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor.

Abstract: A crude oil processing plant that comprises a Fischer-Tropsch reactor is disclosed. The crude oil processing plant comprises a crude oil processing section and a hydrogen production section. The hydrogen production section is coupled to a hydrocracker in the crude oil processing section to deliver a high purity hydrogen stream. The Fischer-Tropsch reactor receives a syngas stream from the hydrogen production section and produces a hydrocarbon stream. When light crude oil is processed, the hydrocracker typically has excess capacities to upgrade the hydrocarbon stream from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pre-treatment of acid gas are presented in which ammonium is removed from the acid gas in an absorber that is operated at significantly elevated temperature using dilute phosphoric acid. While seemingly incompatible, absorbing ammonia at high heat in the absorber will allow for production of a diammonium phosphate product that is ultra-low in residual sulfurous compounds and prevent crystallization of phosphate salts due to the increased solubility of the salts in the hot diluted solvent.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pre-treatment of acid gas are presented in which ammonium is removed from the acid gas in an absorber that is operated at significantly elevated temperature using dilute phosphoric acid. While seemingly incompatible, absorbing ammonia at high heat in the absorber will allow for production of a diammonium phosphate product that is ultra-low in residual sulfurous compounds and prevent crystallization of phosphate salts due to the increased solubility of the salts in the hot diluted solvent.

Abstract: An apparatus to serve as a valve to regulate the flow of particulate solids, from an upstream to a downstream location. The valve relies on pressure differential rather than moving mechanical parts. A plenum adjacent a chamber designed to accommodate a slumped mass of particulate solids receives fluid pressure and transmits the pressure to the slumped mass to move the particulate solids through an opening to a downstream location.

Abstract: An improved process for producing ethane from aromatic hydrocarbons is described. Hydrogen and the hydrocarbons are introduced into a catalytically inert reactor zone and are reacted under closely controlled conditions which provide an enhanced yield of ethane.