Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include a base plate. The batteries may include a first circuit board overlying the base plate. The batteries may include a battery stack overlying the first circuit board and electrically coupled with the first circuit board. The battery stack may include a plurality of battery cells. The battery stack may define an aperture through an active region of the battery stack. The batteries may include a second circuit board overlying the battery stack and electrically coupled with the battery stack. The batteries may include a compression plate overlying the second circuit board. The batteries may include a retaining member compressibly coupling the compression plate with the base plate. The retaining member may extend through the aperture through the active region of the battery stack.

Abstract: Component malfunctions in passive optical networks (PON) can increase bit error rates and decrease signal-to-noise ratio of communications signals. These faults may cause the receivers of the signals, either the optical line terminal (OLT) or optical network terminals (ONTs), to experience intermittent faults and/or may result in misinterpreted commands that disrupt other ONT's communication, resulting in a rogue ONT condition. Existing PON protocol detection methods may not detect these types of malfunctions. An embodiment of the present invention identifies faults in a PON by transmitting a test series of data patterns via an optical communications path from a first optical network node to a second optical network node. The test series is compared to an expected series of data patterns. An error rate may be calculated as a function of the differences between the test series and expected series. The error rate may be reported to identify faults in the PON.

Abstract: Component malfunctions in passive optical networks (PON) can increase bit error rates and decrease signal-to-noise ratio of communications signals. These faults may cause the receivers of the signals, either the optical line terminal (OLT) or optical network terminals (ONTs), to experience intermittent faults and/or may result in misinterpreted commands that disrupt other ONT's communication, resulting in a rogue ONT condition. Existing PON protocol detection methods may not detect these types of malfunctions. An embodiment of the present invention identifies faults in a PON by transmitting a test series of data patterns via an optical communications path from a first optical network node to a second optical network node. The test series is compared to an expected series of data patterns. An error rate may be calculated as a function of the differences between the test series and expected series. The error rate may be reported to identify faults in the PON.

Abstract: A method for performing CDR on a digital transmission, and an apparatus, system, and computer program that operate in accordance with the method. The method includes oversampling the digital transmission into oversampled data, detecting edges between adjacent bits of the oversampled data, counting the edges, and selecting at least one sample of the oversampled data. The sample is selected by a decision logic, which is at least partially controlled by counts of the edges.

Abstract: A method and a device of enhancing data integrity using hash function for data transmission over an optical network are disclosed. The device includes a hash circuit, a lookup circuit, a vector circuit, and a correcting circuit. The hash circuit is capable of performing a hash function and configured to generate a hash value in response to a value of header error correction (“HEC”) encapsulated in a gigabit passive optical network (“GPON”) frame. The lookup circuit is capable of obtaining a data entry from a lookup table in a memory in accordance with the hash value. While the vector circuit generates an error vector in response to the data entry, the correcting circuit corrects an error or errors in the header portion of a data structure encapsulated in the GPON frame.

Abstract: Communications equipment includes a demultiplexer that controllably delivers portions of the data to buffers in a particular order, a logic circuit that selectively controls the transmission of the data from the buffers such that a transmission order of the data portions is preserved, and transmission circuits, each in communication with at least one of the buffers. A method of transmitting data is further disclosed.