Abstract: The present invention is a specific combination of components having unique properties both in composition and benefits. Such a combination of portland cement type 1, fly ash type C in combination with a specific gradation of blast furnace slag and a specific gradation of fine aggregate in combination with a sodium lignosulfonic acid, sodium nitrate, sodium thiocyanate, triethanolamine, neutralized Vinsol resin and a coconut fatty acid diethanolamine.

Abstract: A hydraulic cement mix comprising a hydraulic cement, aggregate in an amount of up to 80% by weight based upon the total weight of said cement mix, sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, and an air-entraining additive consisting essentially of a coconut fatty acid diethanolamine produced by reacting alkyl ester of coconut acid with diethanolamine and a capramide diethanolamide, said additive being in an effective amount whereby air will be entrained in said mix in an amount of 3% to 9% by volume of said mix.

Abstract: A hydraulic cement mix comprising a hydraulic cement, aggregate in an amount of up to 80% by weight based upon the total weight of said cement mix, sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, and an air-entraining additive consisting essentially of a coconut fatty acid diethanolamide produced by reacting alkyl ester of coconut acid with diethanolamine, said additive being in an effective amount whereby air will be entrained in said mix in an amount of 3% to 9% by volume of said mix.

Abstract: A floor topping, mortar and grout which include ferrosilicon in particle form. The ferrosilicon increases the wear resistance and impact strength of the topping, mortar or grout without the oxidation or discoloration normally attributable to materials which include iron borings. In addition, the ferrosilicon increases the light reflectivity of the topping material.A method of hardening and rendering wear resistant a concrete structure such as a floor comprising the placement of a mixture of Portland cement and particles of ferrosilicon material at the surface of the structure and thereafter troweling the mixture to a smooth surface.