Abstract: A multistage process for reducing NO.sub.x in flue gas from fluid catalytic cracking catalyst regeneration. flue gas is preferably removed after each stage. A portion of NO.sub.x formed in an upstream portion of first and second regeneration stages is converted to N.sub.2, prior to discharge from the first and second stages, respectively, by operating downstream ends of the respective first and second stages at oxygen-lean conditions. The present invention also may provide staged regeneration, to reduce NO.sub.x in flue gas, by passing spent catalyst through a transport reactor in plug type flow and sequentially contacting the catalyst with a plurality of oxygen-containing streams.

Abstract: A catalytic cracking process is provided featuring multiple risers in which a variety of hydrocarbon conversion reactions take place, a stripping unit in which entrained hydrocarbon material is removed from catalyst and a regeneration zone in which spent cracking catalyst is regenerated, which comprises:(a) converting a relatively high boiling hydrocarbon charge material in a first riser in the presence of a first catalyst component which is an amorphous cracking catalyst and/or a large pore crystalline zeolite cracking catalyst to provide lighter products;(b) converting an ethylene-rich charge material introduced to a second riser at a lower level thereof in the presence of a second catalyst component which is a shape selective medium pore crystalline silicate zeolite catalyst to provide heavier products and to increase the temperature of the catalyst in said region; and,(c) converting a naphtha charge material introduced to the second riser at a higher level thereof in the presence of said second catalyst c

Abstract: There is provided a catalytic cracking operation featuring a single riser reaction zone having a lower and an upper section wherein a variety of hydrocarbon conversion reactions takes place, a stripping zone in which entrained hydrocarbon material is removed from catalyst and a regeneration zine in which spent cracking catalyst is regnerated, which comprises:(a) thermally cracking a C.sub.

Abstract: A multistage process and apparatus for regenerating fluid catalytic cracking catalyst is disclosed. Each stage preferably has a successively higher temperature, and flue gas is removed after each stage. The process may regenerate a single phase catalyst or, preferably, a dual phase catalyst system, wherein an intermediate pore zeolite catalyst contained within a less elutriatable catalyst particle and a larger pore zeolite catalyst contained within a more elutriatable catalyst particle, thereby separating the intermediate pore zeolite catalysts from the larger pore zeolite catalysts prior to a final regeneration step.

Abstract: A catalytic cracking process is disclosed which comprises:(a) thermally and/or catalytically cracking a hydrogen-rich hydrocarbon feed in the lower region of a riser reactor in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a first catalyst component, and, optionally, a second catalyst component, said first catalyst component being an amorphous cracking catalyst and/or large pore crystalline cracking catalyst, said second catalyst component being a shape selective medium pore crystalline silicate zeolite catalyst, to provide a gasiform material contributing hydrogen species and/or carbon-hydrogen fragments; and,(b) catalytically cracking a thermally treated heavy hydrocarbon feed in a higher region of the riser in the presence of said catalyst composition and gasiform material to provide gasoline boiling range material in increased yield and/or of higher quality.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process and apparatus which employs relatively more elutriatable catalyst particles comprising intermediate pore zeolite, particularly ZSM-5, and relatively less elutriatable catalyst particles comprising large pore zeolite, preferably zeolite Y. The process and apparatus employ a first stripping vessel which also separates a more elutriatable first portion of catalyst from a less elutriatable second portion of catalyst. The more elutriatable first portion passes to a second stripping vessel, and subsequently recycles to a fluid catalytic cracking reactor riser. The second portion of less elutriatable catalyst passes from the first stripping vessel to a fluid catalytic cracking regenerator vessel and, after being regenerated, recycles to the reactor riser. The more elutriatable first portion contains a higher ratio of intermediate pore catalyst particles to large pore catalyst particles than does the second portion.

Abstract: There is provided a catalytic cracking operation featuring a single riser reaction zone having a lower and an upper section wherein a variety of hydrocarbon conversion reactions takes place, a stripping zone in which entrained hydrocarbon material is removed from catalyst and a regeneration zone in which spent cracking catalyst is regenerated, which comprises:(a) cracking a C.sub.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process and apparatus which exposes a residuum to microwave energy to activate the residuum prior to feeding to a fluid catalytic cracking riser. The process and apparatus also cracks a portion of a light hydrocarbon stream to produce reactive free radical and olefinic compounds by contacting the light hydrocarbon stream with a fluid catalytic cracking stream in the riser. The catalyst and activated light hydrocarbon stream then combines with the microwave-activated residuum in the riser. The present invention may be employed in a multiple riser system or in a single riser system. The present invention minimizes coke production by quickly and uniformly heating residuum in the microwave heater prior to passing into the riser.

Abstract: The fluidized catalytic cracking process described herein is undertaken in a first and a second riser reaction zone in which a variety of hydrocarbon conversion reactions take place, at least one stripping zone in which entrained hydrocarbon material is removed from catalyst and at least one hydrothermal catalyst regeneration zone in which spent cracking catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: A process for removing metal from a metal-containing hydrocarbon oil such as a heavy crude is disclosed which comprises:(a) contacting a hydrocarbon oil phase containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of vanadium and nickel with an aqueous phase of dissolved phosphorous compound capable of forming a compound or a complex with said metal, said aqueous phase containing a substantial quantity of water relative to the amount of liquid hydrocarbon contacted therewith, said contacting resulting in the removal of a substantial quantity of the metal from the hydrocarbon oil phase to the aqueous phase; and,(b) separating the metal-containing aqueous phase from the demetalated hydrocarbon oil phase prior to subjecting the latter to downstream catalytic processing.

Abstract: Process for reduction of sulfur oxides emissions to the atmosphere from FCC regenerators. Spent FCC cracking catalyst containing sulfur and coke deposits is stripped at 500.degree. to 700.degree. C. for 1 to 10 minutes with steam to remove at least a portion of said sulfur deposits from said catalyst prior to catalyst regeneration.