Abstract: The device of the present invention includes a flexible container having an administration port and a flexible tube extending therefrom. The administration port includes an access membrane through which a spiked cannula can be inserted to gain access to the interior of the flexible container. The flexible tube contains a frangible or breakaway valve therein. Permanently secured to the end of the flexible tube is a sheath having a substantially circular base and an open-ended skirt including an inner surface depending from the base. The skirt includes a plurality of inwardly projecting bumps intermittently spaced around the inner surface to sealingly engage a standard drug vial. A sharp cannula is mounted within the skirt to pierce the stopper of the standard drug vial to establish fluid communication between the cannula and the interior of the drug vial. A peelable closure is provided covering the skirt opening prior to use to maintain a sterile condition of the device.

Abstract: A process is described for oxidizing pretreatment of chromium (III) oxide containing films, resulting from corrosion of base metal surfaces of piping systems and the like, to render the corrosion films more amenable to conventional chemical cleaning treatments. The process uses a dilute aqueous solution of an iron (VI) salt (FeO.sub.4.sup.2-).