Abstract: This invention relates to a commercially viable process for extracting oxygenates from a hydrocarbon stream, typically a fraction of the condensation product of a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, while preserving the olefin content of the condensation product. The oxygenate extraction process is a liquid-liquid extraction process that takes place in an extraction column using a polar organic solvent, such as methanol, and water as the solvent, wherein the polar organic solvent and water are added separately to the extraction column.

Abstract: A reactor for processing a plurality of workpieces including a support for holding the plurality of workpieces, a first processing zone, one or more radiant heating elements adapted to heat a plurality of workpieces positioned in the first processing zone, a second processing zone, one or more resistive heating elements adapted to heat a plurality of workpieces positioned in the second processing zone, and an apparatus for moving the support between the first processing zone and the second processing zone.

Abstract: Improved apparatus for use in process systems which include exothermic chemical conversions of organic compounds to value added products is disclosed, more particularly, flow reactors for exothermic chemical conversions using a fixed heterogeneous catalyst with means for control of the exotherm.

Abstract: A substrate to be processed in a high temperature processing chamber is preheated to avoid the problems associated with thermal shock when the substrate is dropped onto a heated susceptor. Preheating is effected by holding the substrate over a susceptor maintained at or near the processing temperature until the temperature of the substrate approaches the processing temperature. Thus, wafer warping and breakage are greatly reduced, and wafer throughput is improved because of time saved in maintaining the susceptor at constant temperature without cool down and reheat periods.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing linear alkyl benzene and linear paraffins, the process including the steps of obtaining a hydrocarbon condensate containing olefins, paraffins and oxygenates from a low temperature Fischer-Tropsch reaction; a) fractionating a desired carbon number distribution from the hydrocarbon condensate to form a fractionated hydrocarbon condensate stream; b) extracting oxygenates from the fractionated hydrocarbon condensate stream from step a) to form a stream containing olefins and paraffins; c) alkylating the stream containing olefins and paraffins from step b) with benzene in the presence of a suitable alkylation catalyst; and d) recovering linear alkyl benzene and linear paraffin.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing linear alkyl benzene, the process including the steps of obtaining a hydrocarbon condensate containing olefins, paraffins and oxygenates from a low temperature Fischer-Tropsch reaction; a) fractionating a desired carbon number distribution from the hydrocarbon condensate to form a fractionated hydrocarbon condensate stream; b) extracting oxygenates from the fractionated hydrocarbon condensate stream from step (a) to form a stream containing olefins and paraffins; c) combining the stream containing olefins and paraffins from step (b) with the feed stream from step (g) to form a combined stream; d) alkylating olefins in the combined stream from step (c) with benzene in the presence of a suitable alkylation catalyst in an alkylation reactor, e) recovering linear alkyl benzene from the alkylation reactor; f) recovering unreacted paraffins from the alkylation reactor; g) dehydrogenating the unreacted paraffins in the presence of a suitable dehydrogenation catalyst

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for a stack bypass application programming interface (API). A stack bypass API for receipt of a packet includes a registration function that registers an application selectable filter function and a receive function that are used during operation by an Ethernet driver.

Abstract: This invention relates to a commercially viable process for extracting oxygenates from a hydrocarbon stream, typically a fraction of the condensation product of a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, while preserving the olefin content of the condensation product. The oxygenate extraction process is a liquid-liquid extraction process that takes place in an extraction column using a polar organic solvent, such as methanol, and water as the solvent, wherein the polar organic solvent and water are added separately to the extraction column.

Abstract: Chemical vapor deposition methods use trisilane and a halogen-containing etchant source (such as chlorine) to selectively deposit Si-containing films over selected regions of mixed substrates. Dopant sources may be intermixed with the trisilane and the etchant source to selectively deposit doped Si-containing films. The selective deposition methods are useful in a variety of applications, such as semiconductor manufacturing.

Abstract: A substrate processing system has computer controlled injectors. The computer is configured to adjust a plurality of injectors, such as during deposition of a graded layer, between depositions of two different layers, or between deposition and chamber clean steps.

Abstract: A method for purifying a gas stream in a semiconductor process system comprises cooling impurities in the gas stream. The gas stream may comprise an HCl gas having a moisture content. The moisture contacts a cold element onto which the moisture can condense.

Abstract: This invention relates to a commercially viable process for extracting oxygenates from a hydrocarbon stream, typically a fraction of the condensation product of a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, while preserving the olefin content of the condensation product. The oxygenate extraction process is a liquid-liquid extraction process that takes place in an extraction column using a mixture of methanol and water as the solvent, wherein an extract from the liquid-liquid extraction is sent to a solvent recovery column from which a tops product comprising methanol, olefins and paraffins is recycled to the extraction column, thereby enhancing the overall recovery of olefins and paraffins.

Abstract: An improved ball joint assembly includes a ball stud having a head end portion which is at least partially enclosed by a housing. A contact member has an end portion which engages the head end portion of the ball stud prior to the occurrence of a predetermined amount of wear in the ball joint assembly. The contact member and head end portion of the ball stud are spaced apart upon the occurrence of the predetermined amount of wear in the ball joint assembly. Prior to the occurrence of the predetermined amount of wear in the ball joint assembly, an electrical circuit through the contact member and head end portion of the ball stud is closed. Upon the occurrence of the predetermined amount of wear in the ball joint assembly, the electrical circuit is opened.

Abstract: A method of distributing computations is provided. The method includes receiving a secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol request over secured sockets layer, and routing the request to an SSL handler that is distributed on a network of computer systems. Secured sockets layer front end processing is performed on the first server, which then sends SSL big number requests to a second server over a secure channel. The second server performs public key computations using a SSL big number library, and returns the replies to the first server, which completes the SSL processing and routes the request to a web server.

Abstract: A substrate to be processed in a high temperature processing chamber is preheated to avoid the problems associated with thermal shock when the substrate is dropped onto a heated susceptor. Preheating is effected by holding the substrate over a susceptor maintained at or near the processing temperature until the temperature of the substrate approaches the processing temperature. Thus, wafer warping and breakage are greatly reduced, and wafer throughput is improved because of time saved in maintaining the susceptor at constant temperature without cool down and reheat periods.

Abstract: A substrate to be processed in a high temperature processing chamber is preheated to avoid the problems associated with thermal shock when the substrate is dropped onto a heated susceptor. Preheating is effected by holding the substrate over a susceptor maintained at or near the processing temperature until the temperature of the substrate approaches the processing temperature. Thus, wafer warping and breakage are greatly reduced, and wafer throughput is improved because of time saved in maintaining the susceptor at constant temperature without cool down and reheat periods.

Abstract: A secure network agent is provided. The method includes redirecting an insecure network application in a client system to a secure gateway configured to communicate with systems residing in remote network.

Abstract: A substrate to be processed in a high temperature processing chamber is preheated to avoid the problems associated with thermal shock when the substrate is dropped onto a heated susceptor. Preheating is effected by holding the substrate over a susceptor maintained at or near the processing temperature until the temperature of the substrate approaches the processing temperature. Thus, wafer warping and breakage are greatly reduced, and wafer throughput is improved because of time saved in maintaining the susceptor at constant temperature without cool down and reheat periods.

Abstract: Improved apparatus for use in process systems which include exothermic chemical conversions of organic compounds to value added products is disclosed, more particularly, flow reactors for exothermic chemical conversions using a fixed heterogeneous catalyst with means for control of the exotherm.

Abstract: A substrate to be processed in a high temperature processing chamber is preheated to avoid the problems associated with thermal shock when the substrate is dropped onto a heated susceptor. Preheating is effected by holding the substrate over a susceptor maintained at or near the processing temperature until the temperature of the substrate approaches the processing temperature. Thus, wafer warping and breakage are greatly reduced, and wafer throughput is improved because of time saved in maintaining the susceptor at constant temperature without cool down and reheat periods.