Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.

Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.

Abstract: A method of converting nitrogen oxides in a gas to nitrogen by contacting the nitrogen oxides with a nitrogenous reducing agent in the presence of a zeolite catalyst containing at least one transition metal, wherein the zeolite is a small pore zeolite containing a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, wherein the at least one transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ce, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Re, Ir and Pt.

Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.

Abstract: A method of converting nitrogen oxides in a gas to nitrogen by contacting the nitrogen oxides with a nitrogenous reducing agent in the presence of a zeolite catalyst containing at least one transition metal, wherein the zeolite is a small pore zeolite containing a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, wherein the at least one transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ce, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Re, Ir and Pt.

Abstract: A method of reducing the amount of carbon monoxide in process fuel gas in a feed stream for a fuel cell. The method includes introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream into a primary reactor and reacting the hydrocarbon feed stream in effective contact with a reforming catalyst forming primary reactor products containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane; placing a high activity water gas shift catalyst system into a water gas shift converter, introducing the primary reactor products into the water gas shift converter in effective contact with the high activity water gas shift catalyst system, and reacting the carbon monoxide and water to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen using a water gas shift reaction forming the feed stream for the fuel cell; and introducing the feed stream into the fuel cell. The high water gas shift catalyst system includes a noble metal, a support comprising a mixed metal oxide of cerium oxide and at least one of zirconium oxide or lanthanum oxide.

Abstract: A method of using a catalyst comprises exposing a catalyst to at least one reactant in a chemical process. The catalyst comprises copper and a small pore molecular sieve having a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms. The chemical process undergoes at least one period of exposure to a reducing atmosphere. The catalyst has an initial activity and the catalyst has a final activity after the at least one period of exposure to the reducing atmosphere. The final activity is within 30% of the initial activity at a temperature between 200 and 500° C.

Abstract: A process and composition for converting nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine utilize cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as a component of an adsorbent. The process involves contacting the exhaust gas with an adsorbent which adsorbs the nitrogen oxides in lean-burn conditions and recurrently reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. During such periods of reduced oxygen concentration, the nitrogen oxides are then desorbed and reduced to nitrogen, thereby reducing the concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The composition of the adsorbent comprises an oxide support and at least two components loaded on the support and containing cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The composition demonstrates improved activity at higher temperatures and improved thermal stability.

Abstract: A process and composition for converting nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine utilize cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as a component of an adsorbent. The process involves contacting the exhaust gas with an adsorbent which adsorbs the nitrogen oxides in lean-burn conditions and recurrently reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. During such periods of reduced oxygen concentration, the nitrogen oxides are then desorbed and reduced to nitrogen, thereby reducing the concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The composition of the adsorbent comprises an oxide support and at least two components loaded on the support and containing cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The composition demonstrates improved activity at higher temperatures and improved thermal stability.

Abstract: A process and composition for converting nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine utilize cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as a component of an adsorbent. The process involves contacting the exhaust gas with an adsorbent which adsorbs the nitrogen oxides in lean-burn conditions and recurrently reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. During such periods of reduced oxygen concentration, the nitrogen oxides are then desorbed and reduced to nitrogen, thereby reducing the concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The composition of the adsorbent comprises an oxide support and at least two components loaded on the support and containing cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The composition demonstrates improved activity at higher temperatures and improved thermal stability.

Abstract: A process and composition for converting nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine utilize cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as a component of an adsorbent. The process involves contacting the exhaust gas with an adsorbent which adsorbs the nitrogen oxides in lean-burn conditions and recurrently reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. During such periods of reduced oxygen concentration, the nitrogen oxides are then desorbed and reduced to nitrogen, thereby reducing the concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The composition of the adsorbent comprises an oxide support and at least two components loaded on the support and containing cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The composition demonstrates improved activity at higher temperatures and improved thermal stability.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising rhodium on a support, the support comprising 52-95% zirconia and 5-48% rare earth oxide, based on the total weight of (a) and (b), the concentration of the rhodium on the support being 0.035-0.35% based on the total weight of the rhodium and the support, and the catalyst containing 1.2-4.0 g per in3 (g per 16.4 cm3) in total of (a) and (b).

Abstract: A catalyst system includes a three-way catalyst (TWC) mounted underfloor and an engine management system programmed to initiate an enrichment of the exhaust gases exiting the engine with at least one of CO and hydrocarbons and to add secondary air to the exhaust gases in the exhaust passage upstream of the TWC. This periodic enrichment and addition of secondary air causes catalytic oxidation of the at least one of CO and hydrocarbons over the TWC thereby raising the underfloor TWC temperature to at least 550° C., preferably higher, in order to reduce sulphur poisoning of the catalyst and maintain the desired catalytic activity.

Abstract: A platinum group metal three-way conversion catalyst composition containing a high temperature catalytic component and a low temperature catalytic component has each catalytic component present as separate distinct particles in the same washcoat layer. The catalyst composition is prepared from a washcoat slurry containing a high temperature catalyst support material, and a low temperature catalyst support material, each support material being of sufficiently large particle size so as to prevent each support material forming a solution or a sol with the liquid medium of the slurry. The platinum group metal or metals can be impregnated into each support material either after formation of the washcoat on a non-porous refractory, metallic or palletized substrate or before forming the washcoat slurry.

Abstract: An active metal, particularly cesium, impregnated hydrocarbon adsorbent, such as zeolite, comprises an improved hydrocarbon trap/oxidizing catalyst for use in effectively adsorbing hydrocarbons during automotive cold-start and subsequently desorbing, oxidizing and removing hydrocarbons during warmer operating conditions. The active metal modified hydrocarbon adsorbent may be combined in other forms of multi-layer automotive exhaust gas catalytic structures.

Abstract: A process and composition for converting nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine utilize cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as a component of an adsorbent. The process involves contacting the exhaust gas with an adsorbent which adsorbs the nitrogen oxides in lean-burn conditions and recurrently reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas. During such periods of reduced oxygen concentration, the nitrogen oxides are then desorbed and reduced to nitrogen, thereby reducing the concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The composition of the adsorbent comprises an oxide support and at least two components loaded on the support and containing cobalt and at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The composition demonstrates improved activity at higher temperatures and improved thermal stability.