Abstract: A process for producing normally gaseous olefins from two different process units sharing common downstream quench and fractionation facilities, wherein one of the process units is a short contact time mechanically fluidized vaporization unit for processing petroleum residual feedstocks and the other is a conventional steam cracking unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalytic cracking process which incorporates a short contact time catalytic cracking step. The short contact time cracking step provides for an overall increase in distillate quality as well as provides for an overall increase in the quantity of light olefins product. After the short contact time reaction step, gasoline and high quality distillate products are separated from a gas oil containing bottoms fraction, and the gas oil containing bottoms fraction is reprocessed.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a substantial amount of olefinic products from a residua feedstock by use of a short vapor contact time thermal process unit comprised of a horizontal moving bed of fluidized hot particles.

Abstract: Piston deposits resulting from neutralizing combustion acids present in the lubricating oil circulating within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine are reduced or eliminated by first cntacting the acids with a soluble weak base in the piston ring zone of the engine to form soluble neutral salts containing the weak base and the combustion acids. Thereafter, the neutral salts are contacted with a heterogenous strong base immobilized within the lubrication system but outside of the piston ring zone. The strong base displaces the weak base from the neutral salts, returning the weak base to the oil for recirculation to the piston ring zone for further use. The remaining strong base/combustion adic salts are immobilized as deposits with the strong base rather than on the piston. In a preferred embodiment, trioctadecyl amine is the weak base and magnesium oxide is the strong base.

Abstract: A filter system containing, in series, a first filter media having a chemically active filter media, a physically active filter media, or mixtures thereof and a second filter media having an inactive filter media can effectively rejuvenate used lubricating oils. In a preferred embodiment, the chemically or physically active filter media will be within a cannister that is separate from a container having both active and inactive filter media.

Abstract: Piston deposits resulting from neutralizing combustion acids present in the lubricating oil circulating within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine are reduced or eliminated by first contacting the acids with a soluble weak base in the piston ring zone of the engine to form soluble neutral salts containing the weak base and the combustion acids. Thereafter, the neutral salts are contacted with a heterogeneous strong base immobilized within the lubrication system but outside of the piston ring zone. The strong base displaces the weak base from the neutral salts, returning the weak base to the oil for recirculation to the piston ring zone for further use. The remaining strong base/combustion acid salts are immobilized as deposits with the strong base rather than on the piston. In a preferred embodiment, trioctadecyl amine is the weak base and zinc oxide is the strong base. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the strong base is incorporated on a substrate, preferably a cement binder.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a process is provided for forming a lubricating oil concentrate containing aromatic carbonate which comprises admixing lubricating oil, aromatic carbonate and at least one aromatic carbonate solubilizing co-additive of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, Ar is C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aromatic group, and Z.sup.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of --(O)COR.sup.2, --N(R.sup.3)--T.sup.2, --X--T.sup.1, and --D.sup.1 --T.sup.3 wherein R.sup.2 is H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl, R.sup.3 is H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 hydrocarbyl, T.sup.2 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, X is O or S, T.sup.1 is group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein Ar' is C.sub.6 to C.sub.20 aromatic group, Z.sup.2 is divalent C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene or C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 cycloalkylene, R.sup.4 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: Piston deposits resulting from neutralizing combustion acids present in the lubricating oil circulating within the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine are reduced or eliminated by first contacting the acids with a soluble weak base in the piston ring zone of the engine to form soluble neutral salts containing the weak base and the combustion acids. Thereafter, the neutral salts are contacted with a heterogenous strong base immobilized within the lubrication system by outside of the piston ring zone. The strong base displaces the weak base from the neutral salts, returning the weak base to the oil for recirculation to the piston ring zone for further use. The remaining strong base/combustion acid salts are immobilized as deposits with the strong base rather than on the piston. In a preferred embodiment, trioctadecyl amine is the weak base and zinc oxide is the strong base. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the weak base is incorporated on a substrate, preferably a cement binder.