Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an exhaust emission control system which comprises at least one catalyst, with the exhaust gas flow being reversible by the catalyst. A first installation position is provided for a first lambda sensor upstream of the catalyst and a second installation position for a second lambda sensor downstream of the catalyst, with the first and second installation positions being arranged symmetrically relative to the transversal plane.

Abstract: Fuel, especially ethanol, is injected in an internal combustion engine via at least one injection device into a combustion chamber, with the injection pressure of the fuel being temporarily increased during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine. The injected fuel quantity is divided among several injections in the intake phase during the start of the internal combustion engine, with at least two injections being performed during the intake phase and with the multiple injections being performed with high injection pressure already in the dragging phase for the first injections. The starting behavior can be improved when the quantity of fuel of the last fuel injection is lower than the quantity of each preceding fuel injection.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a device for controlled recirculation of exhaust gas into intake ducts via an exhaust gas recirculation line connected to the engine's exhaust system. Rapid response behaviour is achieved by providing an exhaust gas recirculation port in each intake duct in the immediate vicinity of the cylinders, which port communicates with a distributing device supplied via an exhaust gas recirculation line, and by providing the distributing device with an adjusting element which is configured to jointly control the flow cross-sections of the exhaust gas recirculation ports.

Abstract: A fuel injection system which includes an injection valve for a self-igniting internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection, in particular for liquefied gas fuels, and which is configured as a pintle-type nozzle opening against the force of at least one spring, has the opening force of its fuel needle directly provided by the magnetic force of a solenoid so as to create simplified rate shaping. The magnetic force increases quadratically with the needle lift vis-a-vis the force of the spring increasing linearly with the needle lift, resulting in an opening velocity of the needle increasing approximately quadratically, at least in certain regions, thus permitting small pintle lifts, and the needle has a maximum needle lift of smaller than 1 mm, i.e., preferably smaller than 0.5 mm.

Abstract: A combustion chamber located in the piston of an internal combustion engine is divided by restrictions into two or more partial chambers. The ratio between the minimum distance in the restricted area and the maximum distance in concave areas of the wall of the combustion chamber, as measured from the axis of the combustion chamber, is greater than or equal to 0.2. To improve the turbulence in the combustion chamber the proposal is put forward that the ratio between the minimum distance in the restricted area and the radius of the piston be smaller than or equal to 0.5, the wall of the combustion chamber being convex in the restricted area, and that the ratio between the maximum distance and piston radius be greater than or equal to 0.7.