Abstract: A MEMS vapor bubble generator with a chamber for holding liquid and a heater positioned in the chamber for heating the liquid above its bubble nucleation point to form a vapour bubble; wherein, the heater is formed from a superalloy.

Abstract: A MEMS vapor bubble generator with a chamber for holding liquid and a heater positioned in the chamber for heating the liquid above its bubble nucleation point to form a vapour bubble; wherein, the heater has a microstructure with a grain size less than 100 nanometres.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a capacitor by highly etching a foil sheet, and at selected relief portions of the sheet, reducing the surface area coefficient. An anode sheet is cut from the foil sheet and assembled with other capacitor components. The surface area coefficient may be reduced by coining or mechanically compressing at the selected relief portions, and an oxide layer may be formed on the sheet after coining.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor with several conductive layer portions, including some anode layers and some cathode layers in alternating arrangement. A set of insulator layers is interleaved with the conductive layers, and the conductive and insulator layers are laminarly stacked with an anode layer being outermost on one surface. The stack is positioned adjacent a metal heat sink, with an outer insulator layer positioned between and closely contacting the stack and the heat sink. The cathode layers may be connected to the heat sink.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a capacitor by highly etching a foil sheet, and at selected relief portions of the sheet, reducing the surface area coefficient. An anode sheet is cut from the foil sheet and assembled with other capacitor components. The surface area coefficient may be reduced by coining or mechanically compressing at the selected relief portions, and an oxide layer may be formed on the sheet after coining.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor with several conductive layer portions, including some anode layers and some cathode layers in alternating arrangement. A set of insulator layers is interleaved with the conductive layers, and the conductive and insulator layers are laminarly stacked with an anode layer being outermost on one surface. The stack is positioned adjacent a metal heat sink, with an outer insulator layer positioned between and closely contacting the stack and the heat sink. The cathode layers may be connected to the heat sink.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the detection and treatment of arrhythmias using a processor having a neural network with a hierarchical arrangement including a first lower level for classifying individual waveforms, a second higher level for diagnosing detected arrhythmias and a third higher level for the application of therapy in response to a diagnosed arrhythmia. The neural network may be a back propogation neural network or an associative memory type neural network. The arrhythmias detected may be at least one of bradycardia, tachycardia and fibrillation. The apparatus may include a cardioverting/defibrillating pacemaker. In general, the apparatus acquires physiological signals representative of heart activity in a patient. A neural network receives the physiological signals and determines if any arrhythmia is present, and if present, selects therapy to be applied to the heart. A therapy generator then applies the therapy selected by the neural network.