Abstract: A membrane pump usage condition detection system and a method of determining a membrane pump usage condition. The membrane pump usage condition detection system comprises a membrane pump defining a flow path arranged to be opened and dosed by at least one valve, a measuring device; a comparator; and a signal generator. The measuring device is configured to determine an electrical characteristic between two points on the flow path of the membrane pump, one point arranged upstream of the at least one valve and the other point arranged downstream of the at least one valve. The measuring device measures the electrical characteristic when the at least one valve is closed. The comparator is configured to monitor the electrical characteristic. The signal generator is arranged to provide an output signal when the electrical characteristic is indicative of a membrane pump usage condition.

Abstract: An improved method for salvaging a spring element with a degraded force constant for return to a work environment. The spring element is subjected to a high temperature and extended duration annealing treatment alone or in combination with other treatments. The resultant salvaged spring is characterized by a more durable force constant relative to the original spring when it was new.

Abstract: A recreational apparatus that provides up and down motion and rotational motion is encompassed. The apparatus comprising a beam mounted on a mount, in order to achieve up and down and rotational motion. The beam comprises a seat at the first and second ends on substantially opposing sides of the mount and an impact absorption member located with each seat. The impact absorption member is a resilient ball, wherein at least part of the ball fits through a rim in the seat. According to a further embodiment, the recreational apparatus can be adjusted as the beam is capable of being located on the mount at different positions along the length of the beam.

Abstract: An improved method for salvaging a spring element with a degraded force constant for return to a work environment. The spring element is subjected to a high temperature and extended duration annealing treatment alone or in combination with other treatments. The resultant salvaged spring is characterized by a more durable force constant relative to the original spring when it was new.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for preparing indolinone derivatives of the general formula (VI) as defined in the specification and intermediates of that process.

Abstract: The present invention provides antibacterial agents of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula I: wherein G, R2, and R3 have any of the values defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as well as processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds or salts, and methods of treating a herpesvirus infection using such compounds or salts.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula I: wherein G, R2, R3, and R4 have any of the values defined in the specification, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as well as processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds or salts, and methods of preventing or treating a herpesvirus infection using such compounds or salts.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula I: 1

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula I: 1

Abstract: A multi-color electroluminescent display has a plurality of discrete, laterally spaced areas of light emitting material formed over respective groups of first and second electrode regions. The light emissive material over each group is capable of emitting radiation of a different color. The multi-colored device is formed by a sequence of steps where each emitting layer is deposited as. a precursor which is susceptible to patterning and which is then converted into its polymer which is not susceptible to subsequent patterning steps. This allows a second color to be deposited on top of a first color, the second color being patterned while avoiding damage to the first color below it.

Abstract: An electrically controllable grating is provided by forming regions 4 and 5 of different refractive index within an electro-optic material. Electrodes are provided so that a readily controllable electric field may be applied to the index grating formed by the alternating regions such that the refractive index of the regions may be varied electrically to form a controllable grating. The grating may be used as an electrically controllable distributed Bragg reflector to allow variable wavelength feedback within a laser cavity. The grating may be used to perform wavelength division multiplexing and/or frequency modulation.

Abstract: The contrast of an electroluminescent display using an organic EL layer is improved by using a circular polariser in front of the surface. The polariser causes ambient light to be absorbed, while allowing transmission of emitted light and therefore improves the contrast of the display.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device is described which utilizes a “memory effect” which allows a device to be turned on by a turn on voltage and then for the voltage to be reduced without a reduction in the light output. The present electroluminescent device incorporates a semiconductive conjugated polymer layer together with a light dependent voltage regulating layer the conductivity of which varies with light incident thereon from the semiconductive conjugated polymer layer. An electroluminescent device using a semiconductive conjugated polymer layer is relatively simple to manufacture as compared with earlier devices.

Abstract: A display comprises a light modulator defining an array of pixels arranged in rows (2) and columns (3) and addressable to select between at least an opaque state for each pixel and a transparent state for each pixel. The display includes a light emitting device arranged adjacent the light modulator to act as a light source for the display. The light modulator is a passive matrix liquid crystal display device and the light source is an electromumninescent LED. The light source is addressable to emit light from selected regions LER, each region overlapping at least a plurality of rows (2) of the light modulator. In this way, the problem of electrical cross-talk in the display is reduced.

Abstract: A photoemission apparatus includes a spatial light modulator (2) and an integral photoemitter (5). A lens array (1) focuses light through the spatial light modulator (2) onto the photoemitter. Electrons emitted by the photoemitter (5) are deflected electrostatically by electrodes (10) and are accelerated through a screening mesh (8) onto a phosphor screen (6). Light emitted by the screen (6) passes through a further lens array (7).

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device, particularly for use as a display, is disclosed which is driven according to a pulsed mode of operation which allows much higher current densities to be injected into the device. This is achieved by selection of particular pulse durations and duty cycles, and by an improved geometry for the electroluminescent device in which the resistance of anode lines is reduced.

Abstract: An illumination system includes a polarization selective holographic element, which includes at least one optically anisotropic material, arranged to separate light of a first polarization type from light of a second polarization type, and converting section for converting light of at least one of the first and second polarization types to light of a common polarization type. Where the polarization selective holographic element separates two orthogonal components of plane polarized light from one another, the converting section can include a polarization rotator, for example a half wave plate, or alternatively a quarter wave plate and a reflector arranged to reflect light back through the quarter wave plate. Where the polarization selective holographic element separates opposite handed components of circularly polarized light, the converting section can include a reflector.