Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a fuel injector, a piston chamber, a piston slidably disposed in the piston chamber having a piston crown along a top surface, a head assembly having at least one pre-chamber separate from the piston chamber and in fluid communication with the piston chamber via at least one connecting orifice, and an ignition device disposed in the pre-chamber for igniting a fuel air mixture within the pre-chamber, thereby producing an ignition jet being introduced into the piston chamber via the at least one connecting orifice to ignite a fuel/air mixture in the piston chamber. The fuel/air mixture is passively introduced into the at least one pre-chamber during at least a compression stroke of the piston.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a thermoelectric generator (TEG) layer that comprises a thermoelectric nanostructure. The system also includes a thermal conductance layer coupling the TEG layer to a catalytic converter and provides heat from an exhaust gas passing through the catalytic converter to the TEG layer. The system additionally includes a cooling layer coupled to the TEG layer opposite the thermal conductance layer that provides cooling to the TEG layer.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a fuel injector, a piston chamber, a piston slidably disposed in the piston chamber having a piston crown along a top surface, a head assembly having at least one pre-chamber separate from the piston chamber and in fluid communication with the piston chamber via at least one connecting orifice, and an ignition device disposed in the pre-chamber for igniting a fuel air mixture within the pre-chamber, thereby producing an ignition jet being introduced into the piston chamber via the at least one connecting orifice to ignite a fuel/air mixture in the piston chamber. The fuel/air mixture is passively introduced into the at least one pre-chamber during at least a compression stroke of the piston.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a thermoelectric generator (TEG) layer that comprises a thermoelectric nanostructure. The system also includes a thermal conductance layer coupling the TEG layer to a catalytic converter and provides heat from an exhaust gas passing through the catalytic converter to the TEG layer. The system additionally includes a cooling layer coupled to the TEG layer opposite the thermal conductance later that provides cooling to the TEG layer.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system is disclosed that includes a clamp that defines a substantially cylindrical aperture. One or more thermoelectric generator (TEG) layers are coupled to the clamp and receive heat from the clamp. The TEG layers may be formed using thermoelectric nanostructures. One or more heat sinks are also coupled to the one or more TEG layers that provide cooling to the TEG layers.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a data processing system comprising first initialisation software to initialise the data processing system, means to access storage comprising a first region and a second region comprising first software; the system further comprising second initialisation software arranged, using information associated with the second region, to access the second region to launch the first software.

Abstract: A system (100) and a method (500) for managing boot errors. When errors occur during boot, the errors may be recorded in non-volatile storage (115). The errors in the non-volatile storage (115) may be retrieved, decoded, and displayed in a form more understandable to the user. Also, tie errors may be analyzed to efficiently detect and correct the causes of the errors. In addition, the analysis may be used to prevent errors altogether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of operating a data processing system, having a system context, comprising a first storage medium having a current system memory context, which includes data relating to the system context, and a second non-volatile storage medium; the system being operable in a plurality of states, each state having an associated level of system power consumption; and a power management system for saving the current system memory context to the second non-volatile storage medium in preparation for entering at least one of the plurality of states; the method comprising the steps of: storing an indication of whether the system has been shutdown correctly or incorrectly; outputting, during a working state of the plurality of states, data representing at least a portion of the current system memory context for storage on the second storage medium; determining, upon initialisation of the system, from the indication of whether the data processing system was shutdown correctly or incorrectl

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data processing system method and, more particularly, to a system and method for manipulating CMOS parameters that are stored within a CMOS memory, via a user interface other than the conventional BIOS set up program. Embodiments of the present invention use a Root System Description Table Pointer as prescribed by the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface specification to read an operating system accessible table contained within conventional memory. The table stores access data to allow access to at least a subset of the BIOS CMOS parameters. Advantageously, since the access data for the CMOS parameters are stored within conventional memory, a user interface that is more sophisticated than a conventional BIOS set up program user interface can be used for manipulating those values. Still further, tokens are used to present a system independent way of representing the CMOS parameters to higher level programs.

Abstract: When a system boot procedure is initiated in a computer having a disk drive including one or more disks, the one or more disks are rotated at a first, slow rate while boot data are read from the disk drive. Thereafter, while non-boot data are read from the disk drive, the disks are rotated at a second, fast operational rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a data processing system and method comprising to support access to a hidden region of storage of a storage device or means.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a data processing system comprising first initialisation software to initialise the data processing system, means to access storage comprising a first region and a second region comprising first software; the system further comprising second initialisation software arranged, using information associated with the second region, to access the second region to launch the first software.

Abstract: A data processing system comprises a processor, a non-volatile storage medium including configuration data that describes the configuration of the non-volatile storage medium, a controller for managing data exchanges with the non-volatile storage medium and for invoking an uninterruptible software routine in response to first software attempting to access the configuration data. The uninterruptible software routine has code for determining whether the first software is authorized to access the configuration data and for allowing or preventing any such access according to the determination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data processing system method and, more particularly, to a system and method for manipulating CMOS parameters that are stored within a CMOS memory, via a user interface other than the conventional BIOS set up program. Embodiments of the present invention use a Root System Description Table Pointer as prescribed by the Advanced Configuration and Power Interface specification to read an operating system accessible table contained within conventional memory. The table stores access data to allow access to at least a subset of the BIOS CMOS parameters. Advantageously, since the access data for the CMOS parameters are stored within conventional memory, a user interface that is more sophisticated than a conventional BIOS set up program user interface can be used for manipulating those values. Still further, tokens are used to present a system independent way of representing the CMOS parameters to higher level programs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of operating a data processing system, having a system context, comprising a first storage medium having a current system memory context, which includes data relating to the system context, and a second non-volatile storage medium; the system being operable in a plurality of states, each state having an associated level of system power consumption; and a power management system for saving the current system memory context to the second non-volatile storage medium in preparation for entering at least one of the plurality of states; the method comprising the steps of: storing an indication of whether the system has been shutdown correctly or incorrectly; outputting, during a working state of the plurality of states, data representing at least a portion of the current system memory .

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power management system and method for a computer system. The current ACPI specification defines data that should be saved to a non-volatile storage medium to recover from a sleeping state. However, the ACPI specification does not support restoration of the system context following a power failure during a sleeping state. The RAM image includes all applications and data that are currently resident in RAM together with device register values that may be lost during a reduced power consumption state of the computer system. It will be appreciated that it takes a significant amount of time to collate and save the data required to maintain the system context of the client machine. Suitably, the present invention provides for saving, to a non-volatile storage medium, data representing only a portion of the system memory context. Saving the only the useful portions of the system memory context results in fewer bytes needing to be saved to the non-volatile storage medium.

Abstract: A system (100) and a method (500) for managing boot errors. When errors occur during boot, the errors may be recorded in non-volatile storage (115). The errors in the nonvolatile storage (115) may be retrieved, decoded, and displayed in a form more understandable to the user. Also, tie errors may be analyzed to efficiently detect and correct the causes of the errors. In addition, the analysis may be used to prevent errors altogether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power management system and method. The current ACPI specification defines data that should be saved to a non-volatile storage medium to allow recovery from a sleeping state. However, the ACPI specification does not address restoration of the system context following a power failure during a sleeping state. The RAM image includes all applications and data that are currently resident in RAM together with device register values that may be lost during a reduced power consumption state of the computer system. It will be appreciated that it takes a significant amount of time to collate and save the data required to maintain the system context of the client machine. Suitably, the present invention provides for the compression of data representing the system memory context prior to the system memory context data being saved to a non-volatile storage medium. The compression results in fewer bytes needing to be saved to the non-volatile storage medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data processing system and method for a client machine. Current working practices mean that an employee no longer has a permanent desk or fixed place of work. The PC that they may typically use to perform their role within an organisation may not be exclusively assigned to them. Clearly, this practice presents the difficulty of providing access to working files and data while the employee roams throughout the organisation. Therefore, the present invention provides a data processing method for a system in which the system context required for power management is saved to a network drive rather than to a local HDD. By storing the system context remotely, the employee can roam freely throughout the organisation and restore their system context at any machine at which they log-on. Furthermore, the present invention can be used to provide power management functions to thin client machines, which are typically used within such a roaming environment.

Abstract: When a system boot procedure of a computer having a disk drive including one or more disks is initiated, the disk(s) are rotated at a first rate while boot data are read from the disk drive. Thereafter, during normal operation, the disks are rotated at a second rate.